【摘要】 目的了解深圳市盐田区学校托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情现状,分析聚集性疫情发生的可能危险因素,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对2010~2012年深圳盐田区学校托幼机构发生的聚集性疫情的流行特点进行分析。设计调查问卷,采用多因素Logistic回归分析疫情发生可能的危险因素。结果 2010~2012年深圳盐田区共报告传染病聚集性疫情66起,按病种构成比从高到低依次为手足口病,28起,占42.4%;急性出血性结膜炎,15起,占22.7%;流感9起,占13.6%;流行性腮腺炎9起,占13.6%;水痘及其他5起,占7.6%。聚集性疫情主要发生在托幼机构,报告43起,以手足口病、急性出血性结膜炎为主;小学报告20起,以流感、流行性腮腺炎为主,中学仅报告3起聚集性疫情。每年聚集性疫情报告数差别不大,但病种以及发生的时间分布不同。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,卫生保健人员的数量(2个或以上)是传染病聚集性疫情的保护性因素(OR=0.13,95%CI=0.25~0.71),学校班级密度高是危险因素(OR=7.04,95%CI=1.08~45.98)。结论深圳盐田区学校、托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情防控应分类开展,托幼机构重点关注手足口病、急性出血性结膜炎,小学注意流感、流行性腮腺炎;学校适当增加卫生保健人员数量、降低各班级的学生密度,可以减少传染病聚集性疫情发生风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the clusters of infectious diseases occurred in schools and childcare centers inYantian district of Shenzhen, and explore the related potential risk factors. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methodwas used to analyze the characteristics of the clusters of infectious disease. A questionnaire was designed to collect the relatedinformations. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find the possible risk factors for the clusters of diseases.Results Totally 66 clusters of infectious diseases were reported in Yantian district during 2010~2012, and ranking from topto lowest, hand-foot-mouth disease was 28 events(42.4%), acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis was15 events( 22.7%), influenzawas 9 events(13.6%), mumps was 9 events(13.6%), chicken pox and others was 5 events(7.6%),respectively.Forty-threecluster events of infectious diseases occurred in childcare centers, mainly hand-foot-mouth diseases and acute hemorrhagicconjunctivitis, while 20 events were reported by primary schools, mainly caused by influenza and mumps, and only 3 clusterswere reported from junior or high school. Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of medical workers in schools orchildcare centers was a protective factor for preventing occurrence of infectious diseases clusters(OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.25 ~0.71) and high class density in schools was a risk factor(OR = 7.04,95 % CI = 1.08 ~ 45.98). Conclusion Strategy ofprevention and control of infectious diseases clusters in schools or childcare centers should be carried out rationally in Yantiandistrict and efforts be concentrated on the prevention and control of hand- foot- mouth disease and acute hemorrhagicconjunctivitis in childcare centers, while primary schools should pay more attention to influenza, mumps, Allocating morehealth care workers and reduction in class density is indicated for preventing the clusters of infectious diseases.更多还原