【摘要】 东莞观测站采用地面辐射基准站网(BSRN)通用的荷兰Kipp&Zonen设备,进行太阳短波辐射和地面、大气长波辐射观测。利用2010年8月—2011年7月的观测数据,用统计分析的方法,得到地面太阳短波辐射和地面、大气长波辐射强度的变化特征,并初步分析了影响辐射强度变化的因子。结果表明,东莞市各月的太阳总辐射平均值呈现单峰值变化,且夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,短波辐射各分量的日变化也呈明显单峰型变化特征;长波辐射的日、月变化趋势较平缓;东莞市全年各月净辐射通量平均值均为正值。云是影响太阳辐射强度变化的显著因子,对直接辐射的衰减更明显,多云天气的总辐射、直接辐射全年平均衰减率分别为11%、34%,阴天总辐射、直接辐射全年平均衰减率分别达到47%、83%。大气透明度对短波辐射和长波辐射强度变化均产生影响,无霾日总辐射、直接辐射、反射辐射强度均比灰霾日强,而散射辐射则较弱,灰霾日的天空长波辐射及地面长波辐射强度稍强于无霾日。还探讨了总辐射观测值与理论值的差异,推测水汽对短波辐射的衰减是造成太阳短波辐射平衡存在差异的原因之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The radiation sensors produced by Kipp & Zonen in the Netherlands were used for solar shortwave and longwave radiation in the ground observation of Dongguan. The data from August 2010 to July 2011was used to analyze the characteristics of the intensity variation of solar shortwave radiation, ground and atmospheric longwave radiation and the impact factors affecting it. The results show that there is a single peak in the annual variation of total and solar radiation in Dongguan, in which the value is the greatest in summer, followed in turn by autumn, spring and winter, and the variation of each component of the shortwave radiation has a single peak; the trend in daily and monthly variations of longwave radiation is moderate; the net radiation flux in each month in Dongguan is positive. Cloud is a significant factor affecting the intensity of solar radiation changes, which is more obvious for the attenuation of direct radiation. For cloudy days, the total radiation and direct radiation are annually reduced by 11% and 34%, respectively, and for overcast days, they are respectively 47% and 83%. The atmospheric transparency is another impact factor for radiation. Haze reduces the total radiation, direct radiation and reflected radiation and strengthens the scattered radiation, and the atmospheric and ground longwave radiation is a little stronger in hazy days. The decrement of solar radiation by vapor affects the solar radiation balance.更多还原