【摘要】 为科学地指导栗树施肥,该文研究了嫁接6~8年生大峰和辽栗10号各器官的年生物量及其分配比例,测定了2个品种各器官的养分含量,计算单株所需养分用量及其相应施肥量。结果表明:嫁接6~8年生栗树的单株平均生物量为:10.64、19.97、29.75 kg,生物量年均递增率达76.59%,同立地、年龄,不同品种间生物量差异很大;在干枝、根、叶、果肉、刺苞、1年生枝、果壳、雄花中的分配依次降低。嫁接7~8年生栗树单株年间养分(N、P2O5、K2O、Ca、Mg)平均吸收量分别为175.87、34.55、68.21、170.88、31.13 g。盛果初期,栗树分配于生殖生长的养分量逐年加大,各器官中,N、P2O5用量最多的是叶片,K2O用量最多的是果肉;树体内各营养元素吸收量占总量的排序N>Ca>K>P>Mg。根据试验分析:每生产100 kg鲜栗果,树体需要施N 3.06 kg、P5O21.50 kg、K2O 1.48 kg,N:P5O2:K2O=2:1:1。这一指标可作为辽宁地区日本栗的科学施肥依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in Japanese chestnut(Castanea crenata) and to establish a reasonable fertilization protocol. Field experiments were conducted to analyze the character of biomass composition, mineral element content and its accumulation in different parts of Japanese chestnut grafting trees which were 6-8 years old and the cultivars of Dafeng and Liaoli NO.10.The study results showed that the total dry biomass of Japanese chestnut aging from6 to 8 years old grafting tree was 10.64 kg/tree, 19.97 kg/tree and 35.03 kg/tree, respectively.With the same soil condition and same age trees, the total dry biomass of different chestnut cultivar was highly different. The translocation ratio of dry biomass was 31.36:24.53:13.56:11.54:7.81:5.80:3.49:1.92 among truck branches, roots, leaves, kernels, bur, new shoots, husk and male inflorescences. The average annual absorption of N, P2O5, K2O, Ca and Mg of 7 to 8 years old chestnut tree was 175.87 g/tree, 34.55 g/tree, 68.21 g/tree, 170.88 g/tree and 31.13g/tree respectively. In the early full bearing period, the total nutrient distributed into reproductive growth gradually increased year after year. In a chestnut tree, the total N or P2O5 amount in leaves was highest and the total K2O amount in kernels was highest. The absorption ratio of each element among the total elements absorption was N 36.57%, P2O5 7.19%, K2O 14.19 %, Ca 35.55% and Mg 6.48%, respectively. That is, N>Ca>K>Mg>P. According to our research results, to obtain 100 kg fresh fruit, chestnut tree must uptake N 3.06 kg, P2O5 1.50 kg,K2O 1.48 kg. The absorption rate was 2:1:1.This indicator could be refer to chestnut fertilizer in chestnut orchard in Liaoning province.更多还原