【摘要】 为分析近年来中国地表水高锰酸盐指数污染的时空变化规律,利用2008—2013年全国地表水338个可比国控断面监测数据,从时间变化特征、空间分布特征、污染较轻和较重断面变化情况及污染变化原因等方面进行了研究。结果表明:1从年际变化看,全国地表水高锰酸盐指数污染总体呈减轻趋势,平均浓度下降32.2%,劣Ⅴ类断面比例下降5.0个百分点;2从流域分布看,辽河、黄河和海河流域高锰酸盐指数污染程度明显减轻,其他流域较为稳定,海河流域高锰酸盐指数污染一直较重,黄河、松花江、淮河和辽河流域次之,其他流域污染较轻;3污染严重断面由22个降至5个,污染较轻断面稳定在242~248个;4COD排放量的减少在一定程度上促进了地表水高锰酸盐指数污染的减轻,但个别流域水资源严重短缺、纳污量仍较高是流域污染较重的重要原因,污染严重断面主要分布在海河流域,这与其COD接纳量较高、水资源总量较少有直接关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The monitoring values of CODMnfrom 338 sites all over China were used to analyze the spatio-temporalchange regulation of surface water from 2008 to 2013. The temporal change,spatial change,and changes in the proportion of polluted site were analyzed. 1The pollution of CODMnbecame alleviate year by year,the average fall 32. 2% while the percentage of heavypolluted sites fall 5. 0. 2the pollution of Liaohe River,Yellow River,and Haihe River alleviated clearly and other rivers keep steadily. Haihe River was heavy polluted and Yellow River,Songhua River,Huaihe River,Liaohe River were also polluted,while the others were much better. 3 the numbers of heavy-polluted sites drop to 5 from 22,while the numbers with good water quality kept 242- 248. 4the pollution of CODMnalleviated with the COD discharge decreased,but the rivers like Haihe River were still heavy-polluted for the lack of water resource and large COD discharge.更多还原