【摘要】 综述了尿素直接醇解合成碳酸二甲酯反应的热力学,并对近年来该反应的催化剂进行了较系统的评述,包括有机金属催化剂,金属盐及负载型金属盐,酸碱催化剂和离子液体。在此基础上,对没有催化剂时及分别以Bronsted酸、路易斯酸、路易斯碱为催化剂时的反应机理进行了概述,认为开发一种新型高效、绿色且有工业价值的催化剂是实现尿素直接醇解制备DMC工业化的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thermodynamic properties of the reaction of dimethyl carbonate synthesis from direct methanolysis of urea are reviewed.And various categories of catalysts developed recently are also surveyed,including organic metal compound,metal-salt and supported metal-salt,acid and base catalyst and ionic liquid.On this basis,the reaction mechanism without catalyst and that with Bronsted acid,Lewis acid and Lewis base as catalyst respectively are summarized.Developing a kind of catalyst which has industrial value,effectiveness and enviornmental friendiness are thought as the key to realize industrialisation of dimethyl carbonate synthesis from direct methanolysis of urea.更多还原