【摘要】 目的通过对医院2010年1月-2011年10月从ICU住院患者分离的主要病原菌进行分析,了解患者常见感染部位、病原菌的分布特点及对目前常用抗菌药物的耐药,为临床诊断及用药提供参考依据。方法采用BD PHOENIX100全自动微生物鉴定/药敏仪及API 20CAUX鉴定条和ATBFUN GUS药敏条对细菌及真菌进行鉴定和药敏试验,采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2010年1月-2011年10月ICU住院患者共培养出188株病原菌,革兰阴性菌112株占59.6%,主要病原菌为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌占21.3%,肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种占14.9%,鲍氏不动杆菌占12.2%;革兰阳性菌40株占21.3%,主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌占11.7%,溶血葡萄球菌占4.3%,表皮葡萄球菌占5.3%;真菌12株占6.4%,主要病原菌为白色假丝酵母菌占4.8%,热带假丝酵母菌占1.6%;其他病原菌24株,占12.7%;标本主要来源为痰75.5%,全血14.4%,中段尿10.1%。结论下呼吸道是ICU患者最常见的感染部位,病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,大部分对常用抗菌药物表现为高度耐药和多药耐药;加强病原学和耐药性监测,对于指导临床合理应用抗菌药物和预防医院感染具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To analyze the main pathogens isolated from the patients who enrolled the ICU from Jan 2010 to Oct 2011 and to understand the common infection sites,the distribution of the pathogens,and the drug resistance to common antibiotics so as to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and medication.METHODS By means of BD PHOENIX100 automatic Microbiology system,API 20C AUX identification bar and ATB FUN GUS drug-resistance bar were employed to carry out correlative experiments with bacteria and fungi.The statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 17.0 software.RESULTS A total of 188 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the hospitalized patients in the ICU.There were 112(59.6%) strains of gram-negative bacteria,among which the main pathogens were Stenotrophomonas aeromonas(21.3%),Klebsiella pneumonia(14.9%),and Acinetobacter baumannii(12.2%).There were 40(21.3%) strains of gram-positive bacteria,among which the predominant pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus(11.7%),Staphylococcus haemolyticus(4.3%),and Staphylococcus epidermidis(5.3%),there were 12(6.4%) strains of fungi,among which the main species were Candida albicans(4.8%) and Candida tropicalis(1.6%),and there were 24(12.7%) strains of other species of pathogens.Of all the specimen sources,75.5% were from the sputum,14.4% from the blood,and 10.1% form the midstream urine.CONCLUSION The lower respiratory tract is the most common infection site in the ICU,and the gram-negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens,most of which are highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics and are multidrug-resistant.It is of great significance in the guidance of reasonable clinical use of antibiotics and the prevention of nosocomial infections to strengthen the examination of etiology and drug resistance.更多还原