【摘要】 目的了解北京市心理咨询中心来访者对神经症的知识、态度、行为的现况;对其进行健康教育干预并评价其效果。方法选择2所高校和2所社区心理咨询中心共204名来访者为研究对象,随机选择1所高校和1所社区咨询中心的来访者为干预组,另2所中心来访者为对照组。采用自编"心理咨询中心知识问卷"进行基线调查,以发放宣传材料和专家讲座等方式实施干预,3个月后用该问卷复查。结果基线时来访者的神经症知识、态度、行为意向的平均正确率分别为55.7%、75.0%和72.0%。干预后,干预组在14项知识中有13项、6项态度中有3项、5项行为意向中有1项正确率高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义。经多元线性回归,发现影响神经症知识得分的因素依次为:干预(b’=0.422)、保持正常生活(b’=0.203)、症状总分(b’=0.197)、知道获得知识的途径(b’=0.168)。结论心理咨询中心来访者对神经症的知信行,尤其是知识有所欠缺。健康教育对改善其神经症知信行有效,短期效果主要表现在知识增加,态度改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status of knowledge,attitude and practice toward neurosis among clients in psychological counseling centers in Beijing City,and evaluate effect of health education intervention. Methods A total of 204 clients from two university counseling centers and two community counseling centers were recruited. The four centers in two stratifications of university and community were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Before intervention,the two groups were administered with "Knowledge Questionnaire in Psychological Counseling Center",and the health education was carried out in the intervention group afterwards. In order to evaluate the effect of intervention,the same questionnaires were administered again after 3 months. Results The average correct rates of knowledge,attitude and practice intention of neurosis in all of the clients were 55. 7%,75. 0% and 72. 0% in baseline survey. After the intervention, the intervention group had higher correct rates than those of the non-intervention group in 13 of 14 knowledge-related items, 3 of 6 attitude items and 1 in 5 behavior items. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that intervention( b’ = 0. 422), maintaining normal life( b’ = 0. 203),symptom score( b’ = 0. 197),know how to get knowledge( b’ = 0. 168) were effect factors of neurosis knowledge level. Conclusion The clients in psychological counseling centers were deficient in knowledge,attitude and practice intention of neurosis,especially in knowledge. The intervention of health education for neurosis KAP was effective,and the short-term effect was mainly to improve knowledge and attitude to neurosis.更多还原