【摘要】 目的探讨肝硬化患者发生医院感染后的临床特征,以制定相应的预防对策。方法选择某院自2010年6月～2011年12月收治的126例老年肝硬化患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性调查分析,将发生医院感染的28例患者作为感染组,未发生医院感染的98例患者作为正常组,分析肝硬化患者医院感染的临床表现,从而采取一定的预防措施。结果 126例患者中,肝硬化患者医院感染发生率为22.22%,感染组的病死率与正常组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);细菌培养阳性率为60.71%(17/28),革兰阴性菌占64.71%(11/17),以大肠埃希菌为主,革兰阳性菌占11.76%(2/17),主要为葡萄球菌,真菌占23.53%(4/17),主要为念珠菌。结论肝硬化患者并发医院感染后的发生率较高,对患者的预后具有不良的影响,因此在诊疗护理时应该严格按照操作规程进行,积极的改善患者的肝功能,同时病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,对常用的抗菌药物耐药率高。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical features of nosocomial infection for patients with cirrhosis, and to develop the appropriate preventive measures. METHODS 126 cases of elderly patients with cirrhosis from June 2010 to December 2011 were chosen as the research objects. The clinical data were taken and analyzed. 28 cases of patients with nosocomial infection were chosen as the infection group. The group of 98 patients without nosocomial infection was set as the normal group. The clinical manifestations of nosocomial infection for patients with cirrhosis were analyzed and took a certain precautions. RESULTS In the 126 patients, the incidence of patients with cirrhosis hospital infection was 22.22%. The mortalities of the infection group compared with the normal group were significantly different (P﹤0.05). The positive rate of bacterial culture was 60.71% (17/28) , gram negative bacteria accounted for 64.71% (11/17) , the main was escherichia coli , gram positive bacteria accounted for 11.76% (2/17) , mainly for staphylococcus aureus, the fungi was 23.53% (4/17) , mainly for candida. CONCLUSION The incidence for patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by nosocomial infection is higher , and it has an adverse impact on the prognosis of patients. So in the clinic care, we should operate strictly with the rules, improve positively in the patient’s liver function, reduce unnecessary invasive operation to shorten the patient’s hospital stay, and it has an important clinical significance in the prevention and treatment.更多还原