【摘要】 目的通过分析、比较疾病监测信息报告管理系统(NNDRS)与中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统报告的<15岁人群乙肝发病、诊断、发病因素等指标和信息,进一步了解目前湖南省乙肝报告工作的现况及可能存在的问题,推算湖南省乙肝流行的实际情况,为今后乙肝监测工作的改进和提高提供依据。方法利用Excel分析软件对两个系统报告的<15岁人群乙肝的发病指标及相关信息进行分析和比较。结果湖南省15岁以下乙肝病例的流行病学监测质量逐年提高;乙肝病例诊断主要在县级及以上医疗单位;监测病例中仅有32.56%的病例符合疑似急性乙肝诊断标准;乙肝病例流行病学监测尚存在信息不完善的现象。结论对<15岁人群乙肝病例进行监测、分析有利于准确掌握实施新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫策略以来取得的成效;法定传染病报告人对乙肝诊断标准掌握不够,诊断不明是造成乙肝疫情高估的重要原因之一。加强各级法定传染病报告人的乙肝诊断标准培训和疾控人员的乙肝监测培训及规范乙肝实验室诊断是今后湖南省提高乙肝疫情报告质量和监测水平的重要工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective By analyzing and comparing data or criteria as onset of illness,diagnosis and risk factors of occurrence in hepatitis B cases under 15 years old presenting in two reporting systems respectively for surveillance of notifiable diseases and national immunization programme,the situation of reporting for hepatitis B and problems might exist got further understanding,and actual prevalence of the disease in the province inferred,reference forimprovement of HB surveillance was then hopefully provided. Methods Excel and SPSS were adopted to analyze and compare the criteria and data relating to onset of hepatitis B in people under 15 years old reported by two surveillance systems. Results The quality of epidemiological surveillance for hepatitis B cases under 15 years old had been improved year by year.The cases of hepatitis B were mainly diagnosed by hospitals or medical institutions at or above county-level.Only 32.56%of the monitored cases were found to be in conformity with the standard of diagnosis as suspected acute hepatitis B,and incomplete information was also found in epidemiological surveillance. Conclusions Making surveillance over hepatitis B cases under 15 years old is in favor of getting an accurate map of effectiveness and achievement following the implementation of strategy that immunizing all neonates with hepatitis B vaccine.The legal reporters for notifiable communicable diseases used to understand about the diagnosis standard for hepatitis B inadequately,these unclear diagnoses had contributed to a higher estimation of hepatitis B prevalence.Enhancing training on diagnosis standard in legal reporters and surveillance training in CDC staff and standardizing the laboratory diagnosis for hepatitis B are the crucial work in stepping up the quality of reporting and surveillance for hepatitis B in the province.更多还原