【摘要】 对北京市市场及生产基地蔬菜样品进行农药残留监测,提取毒死蜱残留量数据并引入国家调查大城市不同人群人口蔬菜摄入量和体重数据,采用美国EPA农药残留摄入风险评估方法,对儿童(7岁)和成人(30岁)不同性别进行毒死蜱慢性危害风险评估。为使评估结果尽可能接近实际情况,数据计算采用农药处理作物百分比(PCT)概念。结果表明:儿童对农药的日均暴露量大于成人的暴露量,其中男性儿童约为男性成人的2.0倍,女性儿童约为女性成人的1.78倍;女性儿童相对是最敏感的人群;男性成人人群的慢性评估风险为可接受,其他人群均为存在风险应予以关注,尤其是儿童风险最高;参考剂量百分比(POR)与暴露边界(MOE)两种方式的评估结果一致;选择应用农药处理作物百分比来进行残留数据处理进行风险评估是可行的。应该采取改进生产措施或寻找替代农药等措施降低蔬菜中的毒死蜱残留量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the regulatory monitoring data of chlorpyrifos in vegetables sampled at random from markets and production bases in Beijing,and the consumption data of vegetables and body weight of different population collected in the China nation-wide food consumption survey,the chronic dietary risk for children(7 years of age) and adult(30 years of age) populations were evaluated.In order to make the evaluation results conform to the reality,percent-crop-treated(PCT) data were used.The result showed that the daily exposure of chlorpyrifos from vegetables for children is greater than that of adult group.The boy figure is about double to that of man;and girl’s is 1.78 to that of woman.Girls are the most sensitive population.The chronic assessment risk of adult man is acceptable.The rest populations are potentially risky.Great concern should be paid on them,especially children who takes the highest risky.The conclusion of risk assessment by percent(POR) was consistent with that by margin of exposure(MOE).It is feasible to use percent-crop-treated data in risk evaluation.In order to reduce the residues of chlorpyrifos in vegetables,improving measures and surrogate pesticides should be taken in the course of vegetable production.更多还原