【摘要】 目的观察抽吸毒液对减轻家兔五步蛇伤毒性反应的干预作用并探讨其作用机理。方法雄性新西兰兔18只随机分为正常对照组、模型组和治疗组各6只,通过家兔大腿部皮下注射致死量的五步蛇毒建立五步蛇致伤模型。治疗组在皮下注射毒素后第5分钟用毒液抽吸器(Venom extractor kit)在注射处抽吸毒液。观察各组实验家兔在注射毒素前后的呼吸频率(RR)、心率(HR),并测定凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分活化凝血酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB),同时观察采血后家兔的生存概率。结果模型组的PT、APTT与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,治疗组的APTT显著延长(P<0.01),而各组FIB比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在注射毒素后30 min,模型组的RR显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),模型组RR极显著低于治疗组(P<0.01)。与正常对照组比较,模型组和治疗组在注射后即刻HR显著上升(P<0.01);注射后30 min模型组的HR比正常对照组显著上升(P<0.05)。结论五步蛇毒致伤现场及时抽吸毒液使家兔PT、APTT显著延长,RR及HR等生命体征得到显著改善,并能有效提高存活的概率,其机制可能与改善凝血功能、生命体征的作用相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the intervention effect of extracting venom in lightening the toxicity of Agkistrodon acutus injury in rabbits,and to study the mechanism.Methods Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: normal control group,model group,treatment group.Rabbits were injected with snake venom to simulate the Agkistrodon acutus injury.Treatment group applied Venom extractor kit to aspirate repeatedly in the injection region 5 minutes after injection.And then RR,HR,PT,APTT,FIB and survival conditions were observed.Results The PT,APTT of the model group were significantly different from the normal control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the APTT of the treatment group was significantly longer than that of the model group(P<0.01).Differences in FIB between the three groups were not significant(P>0.05).Thirty minutes after injection,the RR of the model group was significantly lower than that of normal control group(P<0.05),and that of normal model group was significantly lower than the treatment group(P<0.01).Compared with the normal control group,the HR increased significantly in the model group and treatment group immediately after injection(P<0.01).HR of the model group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group 30 minutes after injection(P<0.05).Conclusion Timely extracting venom at the scene of the injury can significantly lengthen the PT,APTT,improve RR and HR,and increase the chances of survival.The mechanism may be related to the improvements in the function of blood coagulation and the action of vital signs.更多还原