【摘要】 目的了解医院感染现况,为有效预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部医院感染监控小组确定的标准,采用回顾性分析,对医院2009-2011年4916例住院患者进行临床流行病学研究。结果 2009至2011年医院感染现患率依次为5.9%、5.0%、4.7%,呈逐年下降趋势;感染科室分布以综合性ICU感染率最高,感染部位以下呼吸道感染最高,医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、不动杆菌属、大肠埃希菌等。结论连续3年医院感染现患率调查,发现了医院感染高危部位和高发科室,有助于今后制定感染控制规程,强化对医院感染高危科室的监督、检查和指导,提高病原学送检率,规范使用抗菌药物,有效控制医院感染发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of hospital infections,so as to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of hospital infections.METHODS According to the standard established by hospital infection monitoring team under Ministry of Health,a retrospective study on the epidemiology of hospital infection was carried out for 4916 inpatients from 2009 to 2011.RESULTS The incidence rates of nosocomial infections from 2009 to 2011 were 5.9%,5.0% and 4.7%,respectively,presenting as a downward trend;the rate of the infections was the highest in comprehensive ICU,the main infection site was lower respiratory tract,gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing hospital infections,including Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli.CONCLUSION We have detected the high-risk infection sites and departments through a three-consecutive-year investigation of the prevalence rate,which can help to promote the regulation of the infection control;to intensify the supervision,inspection and the instruction of the high-risk department,raise the submission rate of etiology and reasonably use of antibiotics is conducive to the effective control of nosocomial infections.更多还原