【摘要】 采用粤东明山煤矿煤矸石粉与当地山林的普通黄土按不同比例混合而成的土壤中,4种重金属含量排序为Mn>Zn>Cu>Cd。在这些土壤中进行为期3个月(7、8、9月份)的胜红蓟栽培实验,然后测定植株重金属含量,其地下部分4种重金属含量排序与土壤一致,但地上部分Cu、Cd两者含量相差甚小,7月时Cu含量甚至低于Cd。胜红蓟(Ageratumconyzoides)对4种重金属的富集系数从大至小分别为Cd、Mn、Zn、Cu,且对Cd的富集系数大于3,对Cd显示出较强的富集作用。对Zn、Mn的转移能力较强,转移系数多大于1,对Cd的转移系数接近于1或大于1,但Cu均小于1。在煤矸石粉比例较低的土壤中,Zn、Cu、Mn 3种重金属的富集系数较大。Zn、Cu、Mn 3种重金属的富集系数在煤矸石比例较低的土壤中随生长期延长而升高,在比例较高的土壤中,地上部分的富集系数仍随生长期延长而上升,但地下部分8月至9月反而会有所下降。转移系数在不同月份无明显的规律性变化。胜红蓟虽然并非这些元素的超富集植物,但对于尾矿土壤中Cd、Zn、Mn污染有较好的修复效果,其适应性强、生长快、总体生物量大,可选作矿区土壤的修复植物。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the soils mixed by coal gangue powder form Mingshan Coalmine tailings and the local ordinary mountain loess in eastern Guangdong according to different proportions,the order of four heavy metal content was Mn>Zn>Cu>Cd.The three-month(7,8,9 months) cultivation experiments of Ageratum conyzoides were conducted in these soils,and then the heavy metal contents of plant samples were determined.The order of four heavy metal content in underground part of these plant individuals was the same as that in soil,but the difference in Cu,Cd content of the aerial parts was very small,the Cu content was even smaller than the Cd content in July.The order of enrichment factor of four heavy metals were Cd,Mn,Zn,Cu from high to low,and the Cd enrichment factor was over 3,which indicated this plant had a strong Cd enrichment ability.Ageratum conyzoides had Zn and Mn transfer ability,the transfer coefficient of these two heavy metal elements was over in most cases,and the Cd transfer coefficient was close to 1 or over 1,but Cu below 1.The enrichment factor of Zn,Cu,Mn was great in the soil with a low proportion of coal gangue powder.The enrichment factor of Zn,Cu,Mn increased in the soil with the low proportion of coal gangue powder when the growing period extended.In the soil with a high proportion of the powder,the enrichment factor of above-ground part of these plants still rose with the extending growing duration,but that of the underground part declined from August to September.The transfer coefficients had no significant regular change at different durations.Ageratum conyzoides is not a hyperaccumulator plants for these elements,but it has good repair effect on Zn,Mn pollution in taillings,and its strong adaptability,fast growth and large biomass of population,so it is optional for minesoil remediation plants.更多还原