【摘要】 以早稻"陆两优996",晚稻"Y两优86"为试验品种,设4个氮肥水平、3个栽插密度,研究了双季超级杂交稻在不同氮肥水平和栽插密度条件下的干物质积累、冠层光能截获率和产量及其构成因素的特性。结果表明:早晚稻产量与氮肥水平呈现单峰曲线关系,以中氮处理产量最高,分别为10245.04和11015.37kg·hm-2,有效穗随施氮量的增加而增加,但每穗实粒数以中氮处理(早N135、晚N180)最高,分别达143.92和142.80粒·穗-1;3个栽插密度之间早晚稻产量差异不显著,且对早稻产量构成因子无显著影响,但对晚稻有效穗、结实率的影响有极显著差异,高密度处理有效穗高、结实率低,低密度处理有效穗低、结实率高;氮肥与密度互作对早晚稻产量均无显著影响,但从高产高效节氮栽培综合考虑,双季早稻"陆两优996"和晚稻"Y两优86"的适宜施氮量分别为135和180kg·hm-2,栽插密度为45×104和30×104穴·hm-2。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking early rice variety Luliangyou 996 and late rice variety Y-liangyou 86 as test materials, a field experiment with 4 nitrogen (N) fertilization rates and 3 transplanting densities was conducted to study the effects of N fertilization rate and transplanting density on the plant dry matter accumulation, canopy solar energy interception rate, grain yield and its components of double season super hybrid rice. A single peak curve relationship was observed between the N fertilization rate and grain yield of test varieties. A medium N fertilization rate could obtain the maximum yield, with 10245.04 kg·hm-2 for Luliangyou 996 and 11015.37 kg·hm-2 for Y-liangyou 86. The effective panicles increased with increasing N fertilization rate, but the filled grain number per panicle reached the peak at medium N fertilization rate (N135 for Luliangyou 996 and N180 for Y-liangyou 86), with the grain·panicle-1 being 143.92 and 142.80, respectively. Transplanting density had minor effects on the grain yields of both Luliangyou 996 and Y-liangyou 86 and the yield components of Luliangyou 996, but had significant effects on the effective panicles and seed setting rate of Y-liangyou 86. High transplanting density induced high effective panicles but low seed setting rate, while low transplanting density was in adverse. The interaction of N fertilization rate and transplanting density had no significant effects on the grain yields of Luliangyou 996 and Y-liangyou 86, but, in terms of high yielding and high fertilizer N use efficiency, the optimal N fertilization rate for Luliangyou 996 and Y-liangyou 86 was 135 and 180 kg·hm-2, and the optimal transplanting density for Luliangyou 996 and Y-liangyou 86 was 45×104 and 30×104 clusters·hm-2, respectively.更多还原