【摘要】 目的 儿童家居意外伤害无论在国内外都是一个重大的公共卫生课题。然而,对智障儿童家居意外伤害的研究相对缺乏。本研究初步探讨中国香港地区智障儿童家居意外伤害的发生和模式,并对潜在的危险因素进行了分析。方法 本研究采用横断面研究方法,用统一问卷对3个香港特殊小学学校的智障儿童进行了初步调查,同时选取2个一般小学学校的学生作为参照。调查内容包括过去12个月内家居意外伤害发生的情况,以及相关的人口与社会学指标和家居环境因素等。用单因素和多因素logistic回归估计了智障儿童及其它因素与家居意外伤害的相关程度(比值比OR)。结果 本研究共调查275人,其中67.6%(186人)参加了研究。参加者中有86人是智障儿童(46.2%),其中又有22.1%(19人)患有癫痫。正常儿童中无人患癫痫。智障儿童家居意外伤害的发生率为61.6%,约是正常儿童的2倍。挫伤/挤压伤在智障儿童和正常儿童的家居意外伤害中都位居首位。开放性伤口和扭伤/错位分别在智障儿童和正常儿童中位居第二位。多因素logistic分析显示智障儿童发生家居意外伤害的OR是正常儿童的2.57倍,癫痫儿童发生家居意外伤害的OR是非癫痫儿童的6.22倍。结论 本研究初步认为智障儿童比正常儿童更易发生家居意外伤害,尤其是患有癫痫的智障儿童。研究结果还有待较大样本的研究予以进一步证实。此外,本研究认为有必要采取适当干预措施以降低智障儿童家居意外伤害的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Little is known about the epidemiology of unintentional household injury(UHI) among children with intellectual disability(ID). This study aimed to investigate the incidence rate and pattern of UHI and potential risk factors among children with ID. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among students in two mainstream and three special primary schools in Hong Kong. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information about children’s injury in the past 12 months, as well as other potential risk factors, including socio-demographic and household environmental factors. Overall incidence rate and the pattern of UHI were estimated. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were fitted to estimate the risk of children with ID and other risk factors for UHI before and after adjustment for each other. Results The study accessed 275 students and 186(67.6%) participated into the study. Eighty-six(46.2%) were children with ID, of whom 22.1% were diagnosed as epilepsy but none of them were normal children. The overall incidence rate of UHI was 61.6% in children with ID, which doubled that in normal children. Contusion/crushing were the top cause of UHI in both of the groups. Open wounds and sprain/dislocation were the second top cause in children with ID and normal children respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that children with ID were at 2.57 times higher risk for UHI and epileptic children were 6.22 times more likely to experience UHI. Conclusions Children with ID were more vulnerable to UHI, especially for those diagnosed as epilepsy. Further studies with a larger scale are needed. Actions tailored for Children with ID should be taken to reduce UHI among them.更多还原