【摘要】 喷嘴属深长孔结构,传统方法难以得到喷嘴磨损随时间的变化关系。设计了拆分喷嘴,便于直观地观察喷嘴磨损情况。对总长35 mm的喷嘴进行磨损实验,得出喷嘴磨损随时间的变化关系,结果表明:喷嘴的磨损依次发生在收敛段与直线段过渡段、距直线段进口5～10 mm段、距直线段进口20～22 mm段;在上述3段中各选取1个典型断面进行分析,得到典型断面腔室直径随时间的变化关系,分析了各断面在不同时间磨损量不同的原因;分析了喷嘴磨损对切割能力的影响,结果表明:距直线段进口5～10 mm段磨损到一定程度后,磨料会发生严重的偏转,导致切割能力下降,喷嘴下游急速磨损,表明距直线段进口5～10 mm段为延长喷嘴使用寿命的关键部位。更多还原

【Abstract】 It’s difficult to obtain the time-varying wear of abrasive water jet nozzle by using traditional methods due to its long-hole structure.In order to observe the wear intuitively and instantly,a new kind of nozzle which could be opened along the axis was designed.The wear experiment of 35 millimeter-long nozzle was conducted and the relationship between the nozzle wear and time was obtained.The experimental results showed that the inner face wear of the nozzle firstly happened at the junction between the convergent and straight sections and then successively happened at the sections which are respectively 5 to 10 mm and 20 to 22 mm from the junction.One typical cross section was selected from each section mentioned above to analyze the chamber diameter change varying with time and the reason why the wear of each cross section is different at different time.The analysis on the influence of nozzle wear on cutting ability demonstrated that the abrasives deflect seriously after the wear at the range which is 5 to 10 mm from the junction between convergent and straight sections develops to a certain extent,which makes the cutting ability decline and the nozzle unavailable.It was indicated that the section 5 to 10 mm from the junction is the key position to lengthen the service life of the nozzle.更多还原