【摘要】 靠近Sink的传感器节点因为需要转发来自其它节点的数据而承担了更多的通信负载,这些节点往往更早地耗尽自身能量而有更短的生命周期,这种现象被称为"能量空洞"问题.文中基于小世界思想,通过向Sink节点添加一些长链,减少Sink周围节点转发数据的数量来缓解能量空洞的出现,从而延长网络的生命周期.首先对等距传输的网络进行了能耗分析,然后提出采用小世界的策略缓解能量洞的出现,从理论上分析了长链的位置和数量对能量消耗和网络生命周期的影响,提出了一种实用的小世界网络实现方法.仿真实验验证了理论分析结果.更多还原

【Abstract】 Sensor nodes closer to the sink need to relay more traffic compared to other nodes in outer sub-regions,thus they suffer much faster energy consumption rates and have much shorter expected lifetime.This phenomenon of uneven energy consumption is called the "energy holes" problem.In this paper,we propose a new method to solve the "energy holes" problem.The method is based on the concept of small worlds where the addition of a small number of long-range links to Sink results in significant reduction in traffic of nodes closer to the Sink.This method balances the energy expenditure among sensors and alleviates the energy holes problem,thus prolongs the lifetime of the sensor network.We analyze the optimal location and quantity of long-range links theoretically.Moreover we further explore their influence on energy expenditure and network lifetime.On this basis,we present a practicable method to realize the small world network.Simulation experiments verify the results of theoretical analysis.更多还原