【摘要】 [目的]对中部地区两类矮砧密植苹果园的生产效率及光照质量进行评价,为该地区矮砧密植苹果园管理提供参考。[方法]测定单株结构参数以及枝(梢)量、枝类组成、覆盖率等果园群体参数,研究冠层光照,调查果实产量和品质。[结果]细长纺锤形果园每667室m2枝量为5.4×104条,果园覆盖率为76%,叶面积指数为1.9,长中短枝比例1∶1∶8,产量3263kg/667m2,一级果率85%,冠层光截获率为58%,优质冠积比例为65%;改良纺锤形果园每667m2枝量为9.3×104条,果园覆盖率为77%,叶面积指数为3.3,长中短枝比例1∶2∶7,产量3931kg/667m2,一级果率85%,冠层光截获率为73%,优质冠积比例为35%。[结论]采用M26中间砧、以细长纺锤形和改良纺锤形整形的中密度栽植模式可为中部地区矮砧密植苹果园的发展提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The aim of the study is to investigate the productivity and light quality in two high density M26 dwarf rootstock apple orchards in central China so as to provide some management guidance for close planting of dwarf rootstock apples.[Method] The technical parameters of individual trees and group parameters as shoot number and composition and canopy coverage were determined,and the light quality in the canopy,fruit production and quality were investigated.[Result] Slender spindle (SS) orchard has 54 thousands shoots per 667 m2.Coverage rate is 76%.Leaf area index is 1.9.The ratio of long,medium and spur shoots is 1∶1∶8.Fruit yield is 3 263 kg/667 m2 with 85% first grade fruit.Light interception in the canopy is 58% while the ratio of canopy with good light is 65%.Modified slender spindle (MSS) orchard has 93 thousands shoots per 667 m2 and the coverage is 77%.Leaf area index is 3.3.The ratio of long,medium and spur shoots is 1∶2∶7.Fruit yield is 3 931 kg/667 m2 with 85% first grade fruit.The light interception in the canopy is 73% while the ratio of canopy with good light is 35%.[Conclusion] Apple orchard with M26 dwarf rootstock trained as SS and MSS tree form in medium planting density may be useful to the management of the similar orchards in Central China.更多还原