【摘要】 在联合国粮农组织(FAO)"3414"试验方案的基础上,添加无肥处理(称为"3415"方案),通过田间小区试验,探讨当地烟稻轮作条件下烤烟施用氮、磷、钾肥的效应及最佳施肥量。结果表明:在烟稻轮作地区,烤烟作物的地力贡献较小,无肥区产量仅占氮、磷、钾平衡施肥处理产量的39.4%;随着氮肥、磷肥和钾肥施用水平的提高,产量先增加,后下降;氮、磷、钾平衡施肥处理的产量(3 315.9 kg/hm2)最高,效益(34 371.4元/hm2)最好,增产效果最好;氮的缺乏对烟叶产量的影响最大,其次是磷和钾,缺氮、缺磷和缺钾处理的产量,分别占氮、磷、钾平衡施肥处理产量的78.3%、79.4%和89.7%;"3414"方案得到的试验数据不能用三元二次肥料效应模型拟合,但可以用一元二次肥料效应模型拟合,一元二次肥料效应模型拟合得到的氮、磷、钾的最佳施用量为N 159.8 kg/hm2、P2O586.1 kg/hm2、K2O 152.2 kg/hm2,得到的烟叶最佳产量为3 182.8 kg/hm2,与小区试验得到的最佳施肥量和最高烟叶产量非常接近。更多还原

【Abstract】 FAO "3414" design plus no fertilizer treatment called "3415" design was used in field plot experiment to investigate the effect of different application of N,P and K fertilizer on flue-cured tobacco under local rice-tabacco rotation system.The results showed that in the region applying rice-tabacco rotation,soil contributed little to the yield of tobacco crops,yield in no fertilizer area only accounted for 39.4% of that in area with balanced NPK fertilization;with the increasing of N,P and K,the yield increased first,and then declined.The fertilizer treatment with the balanced NPK showed the highest tobacco yield(3 315.9 kg/hm2),the best economic yield(34 371.4 yuan/hm2) and the best yield increasing effect.The lack of N influenced the yield of tobacco most,followed by P and K.The yield in treatments with deficiency of N,P and K accounted respectively for 78.3%,79.4% and 89.7% of that in treatment with balanced NPK fertilization.The data from "3415" experiment did not fit the ternary quadratic fertilizer response function,but fit the one-place quadratic fertilizer response function.By one-place quadratic fertilizer response function,the best application of N,P and K were 159.8 kg/hm2,86.1 kg/hm2 and 152.2 kg/hm2 respectively and the optimum yield was 3 182.8 kg/hm2,approaching the best application amount of N,P,K and the highest tobacco yield in field plot experiment.更多还原