【摘要】 研制了一种可安装于D-T中子发生器内的伴随α粒子探测器。该探测器选用直径30 mm、厚0.5 mm的掺铈铝酸钇(YAP:Ce)闪烁体,可密封于D-T中子发生器内。采用蓝宝石玻璃作耐高温光学法兰,粒子在YAP闪烁体中产生的光信号经过蓝宝石玻璃传到光电倍增管光阴极上。光电倍增管阳极输出α粒子的电脉冲信号。探测器输出负信号的前沿下降时间约为6 ns;对241Am 5.486 MeVα粒子的能量分辨率约为5.4%。在高压倍加器用作D-T中子源时,在15 kcps计数率下,该探测器对3.5MeV伴随α粒子的能量分辨率约为27%,峰谷比达到10:1。YAP闪烁体及蓝宝石玻璃经8 h400℃烘烤后,该探测器的时间性能和能量分辨性能未发生改变。实验表明研制的探测器满足了密封D-T中子发生器的制造工艺要求,可安装于小型D-T中子发生器内用作伴随α粒子探测器。更多还原

【Abstract】 It describes the design and fabrication of an α particle detector which can be used in small sealed tube neutron generator.This detector uses a cerium doping YAlO3(YAP) scintillator with 30 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm thick which can be installed in a sealed neutron generator to detect associated α particles.A sapphire glass has been adopted as high temperature optical flange.The fluorescence caused by α particles in YAP scintillator transits the sapphire glass and reachs photo cathode of a photomultiplier tube.the α particle pulses lead from the anode of the photomultiplier tube.The fall time of the front edge of the negtive pulse output of the α particle detector is about 6 nanoseconds.The energy resolution of this detector for 5.486 MeV α particles emitted from 241Am source is about 5.4%.when it is installed in a Cockcroft-Walton accelerator laboratory,and the pulse count rate is about 15,000 counts per second,the energy resolution of this detector for 3.5 MeV associated α particles is about 27%,the peak to valley ratio is about 10:1.The time and energy performance of this detector hadn’t changed after YAP scintillator and sapphire glass were baked under 400℃ for 8 hours.All the tests show that this detector is available to the manufacture procedure requirements of sealed D-T neutron generator and can be used in it as associated α particle detector.更多还原