【摘要】 目的:了解产后抑郁对初产妇产褥期的母亲角色适应及婴儿体格和行为发育的影响。方法:采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)对3 433例产后42天的妇女进行调查。从中抽取产后抑郁患者400例作为观察组,选择同期400例在年龄、受教育水平、经济状况、孕产次、孕周、分娩方式和新生儿性别等方面与观察组相匹配的无产后抑郁的产妇作为对照组。采用产妇母亲角色适应问卷调查两组妇女的母亲角色适应情况,同时评估两组婴儿的体格(体重、身长和头围)与行为发育(听力测试、俯卧抬头、对测试者微笑、发音和追视红球)方面情况,对其结果分别作组间比较。结果:产后抑郁的发生率为15.3%。观察组的母亲角色适应水平显著低于对照组(t=36.471,P<0.01),母亲角色适应不良的人数显著多于对照组(χ2=448.169,P<0.01),其婴儿的体格指标增长显著慢于对照组(t=6.595～18.617,P<0.01),行为发育显著慢于对照组(χ2=4.250～6.656,P<0.05)。结论:产后抑郁与产妇的母亲角色适应与婴儿的体格和行为发育关系密切。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the effect of postpartum depression on maternal role adaptation for primipara and the development of physical and behavioral for infants. Methods:A total of 3 433 primiparas were investigated with the gravida general situation questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) on the 42nd day postpartum.400 cases with postpartum depression were selected as patient group,and other 400 cases without disease matched by age,educational background,family economic condition,gravidity and parity,gestational age,mode of delivery and neonatal sex,were taken as control group.Maternal role adaptation questionnaire for postpartum women was used to investigate the primiparas of both groups.At the same time,the physical growth indices(length,weight and head circumference) and behavioral developmental indices(hearing,the ability of raising their head at prone position,smiling to the examiner and vocalization) were measured. Results:The incidence of postpartum depression was 15.3%.The incidence of maternal role maladaptation in the patient group was significantly higher than that in the control group(χ2=448.169,P<0.01).The score of maternal role adaptation questionnaire for postpartum women in the patient group was significantly lower than that in the control group.The growths of the physical growth and behavioral developmental indices were significantly slower than those of the control group.The increments in length and weight of infants in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group and there were significant differences between the two groups(t=6.595~18.617,P<0.01).In behavioral development such as raising their head at prone position,smile to the examiner and vocalization,the infants in the control group were better than those in the patient group(χ2=4.250~6.656,P<0.05). Conclusion:Postpartum depression has negative effects on maternal role adaptation for primiparas in puerperium and development level of physical and behavioral for infants.It is necessary to prevent postpartum depression.更多还原