【摘要】 城镇地区间义务教育资源投入差异的来源包括教育经费支出和地区间产品、服务的价格差异两个方面。在教育公平和教育财政转移支付的讨论中,如果直接比较各地学校的教育经费支出,研究得出的结论将失去真实性。在义务教育阶段,人员投入是最重要的教育资源投入,因此有必要对我国城镇地区义务教育人员经费生均支出进行调整,获得真实人员投入情况,并对其差异进行研究。但目前还没有出现适合我国实际情况的较为精确的调整方法。基于大样本入户调查数据,通过借鉴国外可比工资指数法构建模型进行的实证分析发现:我国地区间义务教育人员经费价格调整指数变异性大,因此对人员经费支出进行价格调整是必要的;各省份城镇地区间义务教育人员投入真实差距小于义务教育人员经费支出的差距;各省份城镇地区间生均义务教育人员真实投入的差距仍然存在,经济发展缓慢地区的学龄儿童仍然获得更少的义务教育人员投入,应该继续贯彻执行对贫困地区的义务教育转移支付政策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The disparity of the compulsory educational resources investment among urban areas is concerned with educational expenditure and price level.The real situation of resource allocation in comparing the expenditure on compulsory education in different areas would be shadowed by the nominal investment of resources,and the research conclusion would lose the authenticity in the discussions of the equity of education and financial transfer payment.In compulsory education,personnel resource investment is the most important.It is therefore necessary to ascertain the personnel resource invested by adjusting the expenditure in urban areas,and to study the disparities.However,there have so far not been any approaches toward a precise adjustment that can fit the conditions.This empirical study,based on the CHIP2002 data and by conducting a model under the framework of comparable wage index approach,has found that(i)the variation of the geographic price adjustment index is substantial,and it is necessary to make a personnel expenditure adjustment;(ii)in urban areas,the disparities are not as large as those in compulsory education;and(iii)those in the urban areas still exist in compulsory education:generally speaking,the children in poorer areas receive less investment,so the financial transfer payment of compulsory education should be continued.更多还原