【摘要】 应用天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川8期不同时期测绘的冰川地形图,结合冰川物质平衡的实测资料,研究了1号冰川的面积变化及其对物质平衡计算的影响.结果表明:自1962年以来,1号冰川面积处于持续的退缩状态.到2008年8月为止,1号冰川东、西支已经分别退缩了208.2m和110.5m,同时冰川面积退缩为1.645km2,比1962年的冰川面积减小了0.305km2,即15.6%.结果显示,冰川面积的变化不仅表现在冰川末端退缩引起的面积减小上,而且还表现在表面高程下降引起的不同高度带冰川面积的重新分布上,即冰川的表面形态也发生了较大的变化.当不考虑冰川面积变化时,所计算的物质平衡值可能偏大,即高估了物质平衡的变化.计算结果表明,1988/1989年度—2005/2006年度间,1号冰川面积变化对物质平衡计算影响最大为4.5%,最小为2%,平均为3.5%.总之,冰川面积或表面形态变化不大时,对物质平衡的计算影响较小,反之,则影响较大.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on eight topographic maps of the Glacier No.1 at the headwaters of rümqi River(Glacier No.1 for short) in different periods and the data of mass balance,the change in glacierized area and its impact on the calculation of mass balance were studied.The results show that the area of Glacier No.1 has been retreating since 1962.Until August 2008,the east and west branches of the Glacier No.1 had retreated 208.2 m and 110.5 m,respectively,while the glacier shrank to 1.645 km2,i.e.,decreased by 0.305 km2 or 15.6% than that in 1962.The change in glacierized area is not only in the decrease of glacierized area owing to the glacier end retreating,but also in the re-distribution of glacierized area with altitude owing to the decline of surface elevation,namely,the surface morphology of glacier has also undergone a great change.When the glacierized area change does not take into account,the mass balance change may be overestimation.It is found that the maximum,minimum and average errors due to the effect of the change in the glacierized area on the calculation of mass balance is 4.5%,2% and 3.5%,respectively,during 1988/1989—2005/2006.In short,little change in the glacierized area or surface morphology results in little influence on the calculation of mass balance,on the contrary,larger influence.更多还原