【摘要】 为了明确寒地水稻优质高产的营养障碍因子,采用多点田间生物试验法,于2007年在黑龙江省2个不同生态区(第二积温带哈尔滨呼兰区和第三积温带庆安区),研究全肥区、缺素区等7个处理对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,水稻生长发育和产、质量第一限制因子是氮,其次是钾,缺氮时糙米率和整精米率仅为为80.71%和72.58%,缺氮大米因直链淀粉、碱消值的增加而使食味品质明显下降。缺氮也显著降低水稻的分蘖、株高、穗长、小穗数、穗粒数等产量构成因子,使其产量仅为5007～6003kg/hm2,与OPT之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。缺钾同样降低了水稻的生物产量和籽粒产量。水稻营养元素的缺乏和不均衡供给对其高产、稳产构成严重威胁,成为土壤养分限制因子,应该有效管理好养分资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiments were conducted to study the nutritional limitation factors of rice yield and quality by the method of field multi-sited experiments in two cold regions of northeast China during 2006-2007.Seven treatments were setup (OPT,OPT-N,OPT-P,OPT-K,OPT-B,OPT-Zn,CK0).Results showed that the nutrient of nitrogen was the most important limitation factors of rice yield and quality,followed by potassium.On the condition of deficiency of nitrogen,brown rice rate and head rice rate were only 80.71% and 72.58%,the nutrient quality was greatly reduced,the yield components of tillering,effective panicles,grains per panicles,seed setting rate,1000-grains weight,and grain yield were greatly decreased.The grains yield were merely 5007-6003 kg/hm 2.the difference of grains yield of OPT-N and that of OPT was greatly statistically significant (P < 0.01).The lack of potassium was similar to nitrogen.So the nutrition of rice must be effectively managed.更多还原