【摘要】 以籼稻三系不育系金23A为对照,粳稻恢复系C418作父本,对5个粳稻两系、BT型和滇型不育系的异交习性进行了系统的研究。结果表明,不同类型粳稻不育系均在开颖历期、开颖角度、柱头活力和包颖粒率等性状上表现比籼稻三系不育系要好,但其柱头外露率较低,花时相对较迟而分散,与父本的花时吻合性差。粳稻不育系中,两系不育系单株开花历期持续时间比三系的长,滇型的比BT型的长;两系不育系日开花相对分散,三系的相对集中在09:30—14:00时段;柱头外露率以滇型三系不育系为最高,超过70%,其次是两系,以BT型的为最低,低于30%。研究根据异交习性的差异,将现有粳型不育系分为3种类型,并分析提高各类型杂交制种产量的措施,讨论了从根本上解决杂交粳稻制种产量低的技术策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the outcrossing characteristics of different types of male sterile lines of Japonica hybrid rice in China,Two two-line japonica sterile lines,two BT-type and one D-type japonica CMS lines were used as the materials with the indica CMS line Jin 23A as the check and the restorer line C418 as the male parent.The results showed that the characteristics of the spikelet opening time,flowering angle,stigma vigor and the rate of clasping-spikelet of japonica sterile lines were better than those of the indica sterile line,but their stigma exsertion rate was lower and flowering time was earlier and dispersed.Among different types of japonica sterile lines,the plant continuous flowering time of two-lines steriles lines,was longer than that of CMS lines,and that of D-type CMS lines was longer than that of BT-type CMS lines.The day-flowering time of two-line sterile lines was relatively more dispersed than that of CMS lines.The stigma exsertion rate of D-type CMS lines was the highest(above 75%) and the BT-type′s was the lowest(below 30%).According to the difference of outcrossing characteristics in the existing japonica sterile lines,they were divided into three types so as to analyze the methods to increase the seed-producing yield of each type,and the technical strategy of resolving the problem of the low seed-producing yield of japonica hybrid rice was discussed in this paper.更多还原