【摘要】 目的了解南方某地16～60周岁人群环境铅暴露情况,分析影响血铅水平升高的危险因素以及铅暴露所致的健康损害。方法随机选取居住于当地>5年,食用当地自产食物的人群,石墨炉原子吸收法检测血、尿、头发、趾/指甲样本中铅浓度。自制调查问卷面询。采用SPSS软件进行分析。结果412名调查对象血铅水平为(64.1±1.8)μg/L,尿铅、发铅、指(趾)甲铅分别为(11.0±1.7),(11.7±3.4),(12.1±3.4)μg/g。对数变换的尿铅、发铅、甲铅与血铅呈正相关,对应Pearson相关系数分别为0.485,0.317,0.350;居住于D村、饮酒、男性是血铅升高的危险因素;发铅、指(趾)甲铅与失眠、记忆力减退、手脚麻木、视力模糊等自觉症状的发生有关。结论A村铅暴露最严重,男性、饮酒是血铅增高的危险因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To know the lead exposure and its health impairments in adults (aged 16 to 60 years) in four villages.Methods The subjects were selected by systematic sampling from the residents living in an area for at least 5 years.Lead concentrations in blood,spot urine,hair,and nails collected from the subjects were measured with graphite furnace electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.The adults were also interviewed with a self-made questionnaire.Statistical analysis were performed with SPSS 15.0.Results The geometric mean (SD) of blood lead levels (PbB) was 64.1±1.8 μg/L,and the lead contents were 11.0±1.7 μg/g,11.7±3.4 μg/g,and 12.1 ±3.4 μg/g,respectively,in spot urine (PbU),hair (PbH),and nails (PbN).PbU,PbH,and PbN were associated positively with PbB after logarithm transformation with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.485,0.317 and 0.350,respectively.The males dwelling in one of four villages and drinking alcoholic beverages were likely to have higher PbB.PbH and PbN had relationships with occurrences of self-conscious symptoms as insomnia,memory decline,numb hands and feet,and blurred vision.Conclusion The residents of the villages have serious lead exposure.The males drinking alcoholic beverages were at risk to have elevated blood lead levels.Some self-conscious symptoms may occur in adults with increased environmental lead exposure.更多还原