【摘要】 中微量元素对作物的生长发育及人类健康都有及其重要意义,作物灌浆结实期对中微量元素的需求量及需求规律是提高作物籽粒中矿质营养元素含量及科学合理施肥的理论依据。采用田间试验,研究了糙米中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg、Ca含量和积累量的动态变化及其与籽粒蛋白质含量的关系。研究结果表明:在开花后,水稻籽粒中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg、Ca的含量迅速降低,开花10天后降速变缓,20天后趋于稳定;就花后矿质元素含量的变化幅度而言,6种矿质元素中以Ca的变幅最大,Mg的变幅最小,供试品种中籼型品种滇屯502的变幅明显大于粳型品种合系39;水稻花后籽粒中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg、Ca含量的变化趋势与蛋白质含量的变化趋势基本一致,蛋白质含量与6种矿质元素含量呈显著或极显著正相关关系;水稻花后籽粒中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg的积累动态符合Logistic方程,其积累的快增期和实际增长期较籽粒干物质积累的快增期和实际增长期早而短,花后前10天的肥水管理是提高稻米中6种矿质营养元素含量的关键时期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Middle and trace elements played an important role on rice growth and human health.The amount and need law of middle and trace elements in rice grain-filling stage was theoretical basis for scientific and rational fertilizers management strategy.By a field experiment,the dynamic of Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Mg and Ca contents and accumulation rate in rice grains,and their relationships with protein content were studied.The results indicated that the content of Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Ca and Mg in rice grains decreased rapidly during the first 10 days after flowering,and became stability after 20 days after flowering.Among the 6 mineral elements,the variable degree of Ca content in rice after flowering was the greatest,while that of Mg content the least.The variable degree of the 6 mineral elements content in rice after flowering of Indica rice Diantun502 was larger than that of Japonica rice Hexi 39.The dynamic trend of the 6 elements content and protein content in rice after flowering were the same.There were significant relationship between the 6 elements content and protein content in rice.The dynamic development of Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn and Mg accumulation in rice after flowering were fit to logistic regression equation.The rapid increasing period and actual increasing period of the 5 mineral elements accumulation after flowering were earlier and shorter than that of dry matter accumulation in rice.It was critical time that strengthen middle and trace elements fertilizers management for improving crop yield and Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Mg and Ca contents in rice after 10 days of rice anthesis.更多还原