【摘要】 目的分析不同等级医院神经内科病房环境的微生物学分布特征和影响因素,为神经内科病房的临床消毒和医院感染的预防提供依据。方法监测神经内科病房内空气环境微生物分布特征,分析其影响因素。结果同一医院大病房月平均病原菌数量均高于小病房(P<0.05),三级医院大、小病房平均微生物数量均高于二级医院的大、小病房(P<0.05);病房患者数量、医院等级是病房微生物数量的影响因素,但与月份无相关性;菌种鉴定显示G+球菌占71.05%,G+杆菌19.92%、G-杆菌5.26%,G-球菌0.38%,真菌4.51%,它们在4所医院神经内科病房的分布构成比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论医院等级越高、病房患者数量越多,神经内科病房的微生物数量越多;合理的病房床位设置,严格执行各种消毒制度,是预防医院感染的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of the microbiological distributions of indoor air in neurological departments of different levels of hospitals and provide theoretical basis for air sterilization and nosocomial infection prevention in neurological departments.METHODS The characteristics of the microbiological distributions of indoor air in neurological departments were detected and analyzed.RESULTS For each hospital,the average number of germs per month in the big room was more than the average number of germs in the small room(P<0.05).The average number of germs per month in the big rooms(small rooms respectively) of tertiary care level hospitals was more than that in secondary care level hospitals(P<0.05).The amount of germs was also affected by the number of patients in the room and the level of hospitals,but showed no correlation with months.The germs identification results showed that G+ cocci accounted for 71.05%,G+ bacilli for 19.92%,G-bacilli for 5.26%,G-cocci for 0.38%,and fungi for 4.51%.The ratio of different microorganism had no difference(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS Less advanced hospitals and more patients in a room lead to higher number of germs.There is no correlation between the number of germs and the month of a year;G+ cocci are the major microorganisms in the air of neurological department.Rational bed arrangements and strictly enforced sterilization regulations are two important methods in prevention of nosocomial infection.更多还原