【摘要】 理解森林景观的动态变化对于制定合理的森林管理措施和恢复规划有着重要的现实意义。应用空间直观森林景观模型(LANDIS)模拟小兴安岭友好林业局在当前天保工程方案下(P1)、自然演替方案下(P2)以及采伐后完全依赖天然更新方案下(P3)森林景观的动态变化。模拟结果表明:不同的森林管理方案对树种分布面积百分比、空间格局和年龄结构有显著的影响。与其他两个方案比较,当前天保工程方案(P1)可以显著增加造林树种(红松、落叶松和蒙古栎)面积,提高树种的聚集程度,减小白桦所占面积,但是在模拟的前50年,人工更新造林措施使得幼龄林所占面积百分比显著增加,而成过熟林的增加以及建立合理的林龄结构仍需很长的时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 With spatially explicit landscape model(LANDIS),the dynamics of forest landscape was simulated in Youhao Forest Bureau in Small Khingan Mountains under 3 forest management alternatives,i.e.the actual management under the Natural Forest Protection Project(NFPP),the natural succession scenario and the scenario with harvesting but no planting.The results indicated that different management alternatives had a significant influence on species abundance,spatial pattern,and age structure.Com-pared with the other scenarios,the actual management under NFPP effectively increased the abundance and spatial aggregation of the planted species [red pine(Pinus koraiensis,larch(Larix gmelini),and oak(Quercus mongolica)],decreased the abundance of white birch(Betula phatyphylla).In addition,the abundance of young age classes of tree species increased dramatically by af-forestation during the first 50 years of the NFPP,while the increase of mature and old-growth age classes of tree species and improvement of age structure of tree species would take decades years.更多还原