【摘要】 为研究土壤重金属复合污染下超积累植物的吸收累积特征,采用温室盆栽方法,对超积累植物印度芥菜和龙葵与非超积累植物萝卜和玉米进行比较研究。结果表明,4种植物根、茎、叶的生物量随土壤重金属浓度的增加而逐渐减少,而Cd和Pb的累积量却逐渐增加。超积累植物对Cd的吸收累积为:叶>茎>根,富集系数(BF和转运系数(TF)大于1;而非超积累植物为:根>叶>茎;4种植物根部Pb含量最大,BF和TF小于1。说明超积累植物对Cd、Pb的富集和转运能力大于非超积累植物。4种植物各部位对重金属的吸收累积量存在显著差异(P<0.05),相关性分析表明其根部和地上部重金属含量与其毒性系数显著相关,但超积累植物对Cd、Pb复合污染土壤的净化率大于非超积累植物,印度芥菜是最理想的植物修复材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pot field experiment of the hyperaccumulators,i.e.,Indian mustard(Brassicajuncea) and Psiankaczarna(Solanum nigrum),and the non-hyperaccumulators,i.e.,radish(Raphanus sativus) and maize(Zea mays) have been done in order to research on the accumulating characteristics of them under the combined pollution of the heavy metals Cd and Pb.The results showed that the biomasses of root,stem and leaf of the 4 plants gradually decreased with the increase of the heavy metal concentrations,whereas the accumulations of Cd and Pb by these plants showed opposite results to biomass.The order of the Cd accumulation for the 2 hyperaccumulators was leaf>stem>root,in addition,the bioaccumulation factor(BF) and the translocation factor(TF) were both higher than 1.But for the non-hyperaccumulators,the Cd accumulation order was root>leaf>stem.Furthermore,forthe 4 plants,the main accumulation organ for Pb was the root,and BF<1,TF<1.It indicated that the abilities of the hyperaccumulators to accumulate and translocate Cd & Pb were stronger than that of the non-hyperaccumulators.The extraction abilities for Cd & Pb of the different organs showed significant difference(P<0.05) for either hyperaccumulators or non-hyperaccumulators.The correlation analysis showed that the heavy metal accumulation by the root and shoot was significantly correlated with the heavy metal toxicant coefficient.However,the Cd/Pb removal percentage of the hyperaccumulators from the soils is larger than that of the non-hyperaccumulators. Indian mustard(B.juncea) could be the most ideal phytoremediation material.更多还原