【摘要】 利用盐碱化湖泊和池塘水进行凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)淡化幼虾的生长试验,研究对虾生存和生长与水环境K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+/K+及M/D(离子系数)的相关性,为内陆碱水水域养殖提供科学依据。结果表明,在碱度为10.32～38.50mmol/L,盐度1.02～3.34,pH8.5～9.5的试验水环境下,幼虾存活率差异极显著(P<0.01),体重特定生长率(SGRW)无显著性差异(P>0.05)。存活率和SGRW值与水环境因子间的相关性存在因子间的互作效应,其简单相关系数都受到其他因子组合的负效应影响。存活率与K+,Ca2+,Mg2+质量浓度和Na+/K+及M/D的相关性不显著;SGRW值与Ca2+,Mg2+质量浓度和Na+/K+及M/D显著相关,与K+质量浓度的相关性很小(P>0.05)。投施KCl,CaCl2及MgCl2,可以改善内陆碱水水域K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+/K+及M/D的组成结构,有利于对虾生存与生长。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to research the techniques of prawn culture in alkaline waters,it’s needed to study the relativity between the survival and growth of prawn and the mass concentration of K+,Ca2+ and Mg2+,Na+/K+ and M/D ratio(ionic coefficient) in alkaline water environment,by means of growth test of Litopenaeus vannamei with the water of saline-alkali lake and pond.The results showed:in the waters with alkalinity of 10.32-38.50 mmol/L,salinity of 1.02-3.34 and pH of 8.5-9.5,the survival rate of juvenile shrimps at different waters was significantly different from each other(P < 0.01),and the specific growth rate(SGRW) was not significantly different(P > 0.05).The ratios of simple relationship between the survival rate and SGRW and 5 kinds of environment factors were all effected by significantly negative effects of the other factors suites.The relativity between the survival rate and 5 kinds of environment factors was not significantly different(P > 0.05).The relativity between SGRW and the mass concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+,Na+/K+ and M/D ratio was closely related(P < 0.05),and the relativity between SGRW and the mass concentration of K+ was not significantly different(P > 0.05).In alkaline water environment,using KCl,CaCl2 and MgCl2 can improve the composition of the mass concentration of K+,Ca2+ and Mg2+,Na+/K+ and M/D ratio,and help survival and growth of prawn.更多还原