【摘要】 给出2000～2008年美国发生的16起桥梁倒塌事故的相关数据,并对其中的典型案例进行具体介绍。在16起事故中,10例是偶然事件或超载等外部原因引发的;3例是桥梁运行了约四、五十年后因损伤累积、耐久性低下而发生坍塌;另外3例是设计或施工过程中的失误导致的。从这些事故中,得到关于桥梁设计、施工和管养工作的几点启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relevant data of the catastrophic failures of 16 bridges occurring in the United States in the years from 2000 to 2008 are given and some typical cases of these bridges are described in specific detail.Of the 16 bridges,the failures of the 10 bridges were due to the external causes of accidental events and overload,the failures of the 3 bridges were caused by the accumulative damage and low structural durability after the bridges have been in operation for about 40 to 50 years and the failures of the rest of the 3 bridges were attributed to the errors in the design and construction.From the analysis of the failures,some lessons in regard to the design,construction,management and maintenance of bridges have been drawn.更多还原