【摘要】 试验在我国南北烟区7个省10个县,选择典型、具有代表性的植烟土壤,采用规范化栽培技术,连续3年研究了烤烟生长及其品质特性。结果表明,北方烟株的生物量和烟叶产量显著高于南方。烤烟生长速率表现出前期慢,南方显著高于北方;中期快,北方显著高于南方;后期下降,北方仍然高于南方的现象。说明,北方烤烟生物产量高是由于中后期的生长速率快。在烤烟各生育期,生长速率的变异系数南方均显著高于北方,造成这种现象的原因可能是南方烟区生态条件复杂,但有利于烤烟风格的多样性。此外,北方烟叶的总糖、还原糖、蛋白质和烟碱含量高于南方,氯含量接近临界值,这是北方烟叶烟气劲头较大、多为浓香型,而南方烟叶口味比较平和、多为清香型和中间香型的原因之一。从糖/蛋白质和糖/烟碱看,南北相似,基本属于正常范围。说明,我国烟叶中的糖、蛋白质、烟碱等主要化学成分是协调的,质量总体上是较好的,只是风格类型不同而已。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of field experiments were conducted to investigate the growth and qualities of flue-cured tobacco grown in typical and representative soils in 10 counties of 7 provinces in north and south China for three years.The results indicate the higher biomass and leaf yield of tobacco in north China(north tobacco) than those in the south(south tobacco).The slow growth rate of tobacco seedlings was observed in the early and late growth periods but fast in the middle.Simultaneously,south tobacco seedlings grew fast than the north in the early period and behaved otherwise in the middle and late.The results suggest that the fast growth in the middle and late growth periods resulted in the high biomass and high yield of north tobacco.In addition,the lower variation coefficients of growth rate were observed in north tobacco than the south.The diverse ecological conditions could benefit to produce tobacco with variable styles in south China.The contents of total and reductive sugars,proteins and nicotine were higher in north tobacco than that in south.Chloride was close to the maximum of criteria in north tobacco.These could be the reasons for the north tobacco tastes strong and flavors contrast with the south which is tastes light with delicate fragrances.Both north and south tobaccos were similar in the ratios of sugar/nicotine and sugar/protein,which ranged in normal scales,indicating harmonious chemical components and fine qualities of tobacco with different styles produced in China.更多还原