【摘要】 为了研究冰雹高速撞击对航空飞行器造成的损伤,需构建相应的试验系统,其中冰雹粒子特性分析是关键.从航空飞行器冰雹撞击试验的要求出发,对冰雹粒子的特性进行了全面分析.首先应用冲击波理论分析了冰雹破坏特性,以及冰雹出现裂纹的条件;然后对冰雹撞击运动过程进行了建模,给出了基于简单波的冰雹粒子运动方程;最后给出了冰雹撞击试验系统参数的计算程序.据此确定了冰雹撞击试验系统设计参数:撞击速度200~300m/s,冰雹直径19mm,气压0.6~1.0M Pa,气体炮炮管长度6m.在此基础上成功开发国内首台冰雹试验系统,该系统所有特性均达到设计标准,证明了理论分析是正确的,符合冰雹撞击试验实际情况和要求.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the hail impact damage on aerospace vehicles,it is very necessary to construct the corresponding experimental system,and characteristic analysis of ice particles is the key.From the aviation aircraft hail impact test requirements,the characteristics of hail particles are fully analyzed in this paper.Firstly,hail damage characteristics and hail cracks condition are analyzed by shock wave theory.Secondly,hail impact movement is modeled and hail particle movement equations based on simple wave are built.Finally,calculation program is scheduled to obtain the parameters of hail impact test system.Accordingly the hail impact test system design parameters are determined,i.e.,impact velocity 200-300 m/s,hail diameter 19 mm,pneumatic 0.6-1.0 MPa,air cannon tube length 6 m.On this basis,first domestic hail test system is developed successfully.All properties of system achieve the design standards.It proves the correctness of theoretical analysis which is in accord with the actual situation and requirements of the hail impact test.更多还原