【摘要】 基于农田养分收支平衡模型、农业经济统计数据,结合GIS技术,从国家、省域、县域3个层面研究了我国农田磷素的平衡特征,并利用GIS技术对研究结果进行了空间表达与分析。主要结论:①我国农田磷素(P)投入总量为610×104t,支出总量为328×104t,农田磷素(P)盈余282×104t,平均单位耕地盈余0.029t/hm2。从大区域来看,我国农田磷素盈余趋势为从我国东部地区农田向西部地区农田逐渐减少;②农田磷素亏缺的县域单元数占全部县域单元数的12.81%,其耕地面积占全国耕地总面积的16.11%。也就是说,虽然在全国层面上磷素赢余量很大,但是并不代表每个县域单元农田磷素都是盈余的,在进行肥料资源宏观配置时必须考虑这些问题;③在全国层面上,磷肥、有机磷肥、其它来源的磷肥占农田磷养分总投入的比例分别为77.11%、22.23%、0.66%,农田磷素养分的投入以磷肥为主,在全国层面上,由人畜禽粪尿提供的磷素占全部有机磷肥投入的比重为85.25%;④全国农田磷素生物产出为294×104t,占农田磷素总支出的比重为89.90%,农田磷素生物产出是农田磷素支出的主要部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using a nutrient balance farmland model and agricultural economic statistics,this paper analyzes the phosphorus balance of China’s farmland at the national,provincial and county levels.Results show the following: 1) Total phosphorus nutrient input in China is 601×10~4t,and output is 328×10~4t,so the net surplus is 228×10~4t,or 0.029t/hm~2 for farmland.The level of surplus P in farmland gradually declines from east to west;2) 12.81% of counties,or 16.11% of China’s cultivated area,have insufficient phosphorus,despite the huge surplus overall;3) At the national level,chemical phosphate fertilizers and organic phosphate fertilizers account for 77.11% and 22.23% of total input amounts.Phosphorus from human and animal excreta accounts for 85.25% of total organic phosphate fertilizer inputs;4) Biological phosphorus output from farmland amounts to 294×10~4t,accounting for 89.90% of total phosphorus output.更多还原