【摘要】 对原油乳状液分别采用热化学法及微波热化学法进行了破乳脱水实验。对于本实验所用含水量为78%的1#原油乳状液,采用热化学方法时,破乳剂的用量为100 mg/L,加热温度为65℃,加热9 min后,可脱水约为96.2%;而采用微波化学法时,破乳剂的用量为50 mg/L,辐射时间为10 s,沉降时间为2 min,可脱水约为94.9%。提出了原油乳状液脱水的工艺为对原油乳状液采用二次脱水处理,首先采用微波化学法,再对一次脱水后的上层原油乳状液采用加热法。对1#原油乳状液,一次微波辐射脱水后,上层油的含水量在18%左右;对上层油进行加热二次脱水后,原油的含水率小于0.3%,可得到合格原油。更多还原

【Abstract】 The demulsifying experiments of the crude oil emulsion were performed by using the thermal chemical method and the microwave chemical method separately.For the crude oil emulsion 1# with the water content of 78%,the dehydrating rate can get to 96.2% under the conditions of 100 mg/L of demulsifier amount,65 ℃ of the heating temperature,and 9 min of the depositing time for the thermal chemical method;But for the microwave chemical method,the dehydrating rate is about 94.9% by using 50 mg/L of demulsifier,10 s of radiating time,and 1 min of settling time.Based on the results of the experiments which use different methods to demulsify the crude oil emulsion,a new separating process with two steps of demulsification is proposed.For the crude emulsions with relatively higher water content,it can be demulsified with the microwave chemical method firstly.Then after some time of sedimentation,the upper crude oil emulsion layer can be drawn out with an injector and treated with the heating method.For the crude oil emulsion,1# the water content of the upper layer was about 18% after the first process;and it became less than 0.3% through the second time treatment.更多还原