【摘要】 应用深圳国家气候观象台的地温资料,分析深圳夏季三类天气(晴天、阴雨天和阵雨天)条件下土壤温度及其垂直结构日变化,结果表明:晴天,地面温度和浅层土壤温度呈现正弦曲线变化,白天温度高,夜间温度低。各层土壤温度振幅、位相、周期不同,地面温度振幅最大,越往深层,振幅越小,位相越后,周期越长。土壤温度垂直结构也有日变化,白天正午时段,地面温度和浅层土壤温度高,深层土壤温度低,从地面到深层土壤,温度逐步降低。午夜时段10cm以上土壤温度及80cm以下深层土壤温度相对较低,而(15～20)cm之间的土壤温度相对较高。阴雨天,地面温度和浅层土壤温度的日变化与晴天大不相同。地面温度和浅层土壤温度在白天上升幅度小,甚至下降。地面温度和浅层土壤温度的日变化幅度远小于晴天。这导致白天降水时段土壤温度垂直结构也与晴天大不一样,土壤温度的极大值在80cm土壤层。阵雨天,白天阵性降水会使地面温度和浅层土壤温度不升反降。而40cm以下深层土壤温度受阵性降水影响较小。土壤温度垂直结构因此发生重要改变,土壤温度的极大值在40cm土壤层。无论是晴天、阴雨天,还是阵雨天,80cm以下深层土壤的温度,其日变化幅度都要小于0.5℃,深层土壤温度受天气影响小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the soil temperature data of Shenzhen national climatic observatory,the diurnal variation of the soil temperature and its profiles in summer in Shenzhen city was analyzed under three kinds of weather,viz.sunny,rainy and shower.And the results show that:the ground temperature and the fleet soil temperature have diurnal variation,which looks like a sinusoidal curve.The ground temperature and the fleet soil temperature are high in the day and low in the evening.Also the diurnal variations have different amplitudes and phases,with the ground temperature has greatest amplitude,the deeper soil layers have smaller amplitudes and more hysteretic phases.The profiles of soil temperature have diurnal variation too.At noon,the ground temperature is highest and the deep soil temperature is lowest.And at the midnight,the temperature of the soil layers from 15 cm to 20 cm is higher while the ground temperature and temperature of the deep soil layers below 80 cm is lower.In a rainy day,the diurnal variation of the ground temperature and the fleet soil temperature is very different from those of a sunny day.The ground temperature and the fleet soil temperature do not rise very much.On the contrary they descend or rise slightly.In addition the profiles of the soil temperature are very different from those of a sunny day.The highest soil temperature occurs at 80 cm deep in a rainy day.In a shower day,the shower has great effects on the ground temperature and the fleet soil temperature.The vertical profiles of the soil temperature therefore vary.The highest soil temperature occurs at 40 cm deep soil layer after the raining.The temperature of deep soil layers below 80cm deep has small diurnal variation whether it is a sunny day,a rainy day or a sunny day with some shower.更多还原