【摘要】 马克思主义作为对现代性的一种解决和重建方案,是建立在对启蒙理性批判基础之上的。这种批判基于他们所创立"实践的唯物主义"已经实现了对启蒙理性两种哲学基础——近代先验论和经验论——的超越。他们在这一全新的哲学引导下,完成了对启蒙理性先验理性维度的国家理性和经验理性维度的单子理性双重批判。在这个批判过程中,重建了具有实践性、辩证性和社会历史性的后启蒙理性。它既不同于启蒙那种抽象的、永恒的理性,也不同于当时浪漫主义、后来尼采和当今后现代主义在内的非理性主义方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marxism as a kind of solution and reconstruction of modernity is on the basis of criticism of enlightenment reason.The criticism based on their "Practical Materialism" that Marx and Engels initiated has gone beyond the modern Apriorism and Empiricism,the two philosophies of Enlightenment rationalism.Guided by their new philosophy,they criticized both the National Reason of Apriorism and Monadologic Reason of Empiricism within Enlightenment Reason.Meanwhile,they reconstructed the kind of practical,dialectical,and historical post-enlightenment reason,which is not only different from the kind of Abstract,eternal and romanticist,enlightenment reason,but also different from the Nietzschean and Post-Modern Irrationalism today.更多还原