【摘要】 目的分析北京部分人群的各类正常视盘的形态学特征。方法资料来源于2001年北京部分地区以人群为基础的眼病调查,被调查者年龄在40岁以上,接受视力、眼压、屈光状态、裂隙灯显微镜、阈值视野及眼底照相等眼科检查。评价清晰的眼底照片共489例,每例取其右眼作视盘形态学分析,均为竖椭圆形视盘,其中大视盘160例,中视盘175例,小视盘154例。应用计算机图像处理软件,测量各类视盘参数,包括视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、一周盘沿宽度等。应用方差分析,对大视盘、中视盘、小视盘的视杯竖径/横径比值进行两两比较,应用Pearson相关性分析视盘与视杯、盘沿的关系。结果人群中视盘的大小为1.11～5.65mm2(1∶5),盘沿面积为0.95～3.68mm2(1∶3.84),视杯/视盘(C/D)波动于0.15～0.82。大视盘面积为(3.81±0.41)mm2,中视盘面积为(2.55±0.32)mm2,小视盘面积为(1.70±0.17)mm2。视杯面积依次为(1.40±0.43)mm2、(0.73±0.23)mm2、(0.29±0.11)mm2。盘沿面积依次为(2.4±0.36)mm2、(1.82±0.23)mm2、(1.41±0.16)mm2。小视盘和中视盘的视杯竖/横径比值平均为0.80±0.21、0.96±0.14,大视盘为1.01±0.15,差异均有显著性,视杯面积、盘沿面积与视盘面积均呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.88、0.85。结论人群中视盘、盘沿、视杯的变异范围较宽。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the morphology of the optic disc in normal eyes in Beijing China.Methods All of the participants were selected from the database of the population-based Beijing Eye Study. They underwent ophthalmic examinations that included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, refraction, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, visual field threshold measurements, fundus photography, etc. We evaluated good-quality fundus photographys. The right eye optic disc was evaluated in every case. There were 160 cases of large disc, 175 cases of medium disc, and 154 cases of small disc. In all, there were 489 cases that were morphometrically analyzed with a computer-assisted imaging technique. Variables in optic disc area, optic cup area and neuroretinal rim area were measured, and neuroretinal rim widths were morphometrically determined in 36 radial segments each measuring 10°. A one-way ANOVA test was used to compare the ratio of the vertical diameter to the horizontal diameter of the cup in every two groups of large disc, medium disc and small disc. A Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the relationship between cup area, neuroretinal rim area, and optic disc area.Results Optic disc size ranged from 1.11 to 5.65 mm2 (1∶5), the neuroretinal rim area ranged from 0.95 to 3.68 mm2 (1∶3.84), and the ratio of cup-to-disc diameter ranged from 0.15 to 0.82. The mean disc area in the large disc group was (3.81±0.41)mm2, (2.55±0.32)mm2 in the medium disc group,and (1.70±0.17)mm2 in the small disc group. The mean cup areas were (1.40±0.43)mm2,(0.73±0.23)mm2,and (0.29±0.11)mm2 in the large, medium and small disc groups, respectively. The mean neuroretinal rim areas were (2.4±0.36)mm2,(1.82±0.23)mm2,(1.41±0.16)mm2 in the large, average and small disc groups, respectively. The ratios of the vertical diameter to the horizontal diameter of the cups were 0.80±0.21, 0.96±0.14, and 1.01±0.15 in the small, medium and large disc groups, respectively. The difference between every two groups was statistically significant.Conclusion The optic disc size, neuroretinal rim and cup area show significant variability in a normal population.更多还原