【摘要】 目的探讨腹腔镜技术在新生儿和小婴儿疾病诊断和治疗中的安全性及可行性。方法2001年1月～2007年5月,我们对297例新生儿及小婴儿进行腹腔镜手术治疗。年龄生后2小时～6个月,其中先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄80例,梗阻性黄疸67例,腹股沟斜疝35例,胆道闭锁31例,中高位肛门闭锁21例,胆汁黏稠21例,先天性膈疝7例,空肠闭锁7例,胆总管囊肿6例,先天性巨结肠5例,十二指肠膜式狭窄5例,肾积水3例,食管裂孔疝2例,食管闭锁2例,肠旋转不良2例,小肠梗阻1例,肠套叠1例,先天性肌性斜颈1例。结果诊断性手术胆道造影术67例;操作简单的中小手术如幽门环肌切开术80例,疝囊高位结扎术35例,胆道冲洗术21例,十二指肠膜式狭窄手术5例,肠旋转不良Ladd手术2例,肠套叠复位术1例,肠粘连松解术1例,胸锁乳突肌松解术1例;复杂性大手术如肝门空肠吻合术31例,肛门成形术21例,膈疝修补术7例,肠闭锁肠切除吻合术7例,肝管空肠吻合术6例,长段型巨结肠根治术5例,肾盂成形术3例,食管闭锁2例,食管裂孔疝胃底折叠术2例。无术中大出血、无术中及术后需要输血者、意外损伤及围手术期死亡病例。腹腔镜下完成手术294例,3例胆道闭锁因术中肝门渗血中转开腹手术。术后随访2个月～6年,无明显远近期并发症发生。结论腹腔镜技术是诊断、治疗新生儿和小婴儿疾病的安全、可靠的方法,具有创伤小,恢复快,美容效果满意等优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of laparoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of neonates and infants diseases.Methods Laparoscopic operations were performed in 297 neonates and infants aging from 2 hours to 6 months,from January 2001 to May 2007.The diseases of 297 cases included 80 cases of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis,67 cases of obstructive jaundice,35 cases of indirect inguinal hernia,31 cases of biliary atresia,21 cases of middle or high anal atresia,21 cases of biliary hyperviscosity,7 cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia,7 cases of jejunal atresia,6 cases of choledochal cyst,5 cases of Hirschsprung’s disease,5 cases of duodenal web,3 cases of uronephrosis,2 cases of esophageal hernia,2 cases of esophageal atresia,2 cases of intestinal malrotation,1 case of intestinal obstruction,1 case of intussuception,,and 1 case of congenital muscular troticollis.Results The laparoscopic operations were completed in 294 cases,of which 67 received diagnostic cholangiography,80 received pyloromyctomy,35 received hernia sac high ligation,21 received biliary irrigation,5 received operations for membranous stenosis of duodenum,2 received Ladd operations for malrotation of intestine,1 received reduction of intussusception,1 received enterolysis,and 1 received incision of lower end of sternocleidomastoid muscle;and some complicated procedures including 31 cases of hepatic portal duct-jejunostomy,21 anoplasty,7 repair of diaphragmatic hernia,7 enterectomy and entero-anastomosis of intestinal atresia,6 hepatic duct-jejunostomy,5 radical surgery for Hirschsprung’s disease(megadolicho-colon),3 pyeloplasty,2 operations for esophageal atresia,and 2 fundoplication for hiatus hernia.No massive hemorrhage,intra-or post-operative blood infusion,accidental damage or peri-operative death was reported.Three cases of biliary atresia were converted to open surgery due to oozing of blood in hepatic portal.All case were followed for 2 months-6 years,and no long-term or short-term complication was found.Conclusions Laparoscopic technique is safe and reliable in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in neonates and infants,which is characterized by minimal invasion,quick recovery and satisfactory cosmetic effects.更多还原