【摘要】 自美国最高法院于1964年《纽约时报诉沙利文案》中提出公共官员概念之后,在诽谤诉讼中,原告的身份便成为一个重要的法律问题,不同身份的原告在诽谤诉讼中要承担完全不同的举证责任。本文结合美国一些重要的诽谤诉讼案例,论述"公共官员"概念的内涵、判定标准,以及与公共官员原则密切相关的一个重要问题:政府机构是否拥有提起诽谤诉讼的诉权。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Supreme Court of the United States put forward the concept of "public official" in New York Times v.Sullivan in 1964,the role of the plaintiffs has become an important legal issue in defamation lawsuits.Different plaintiffs with different roles have to face different burden of proof.This paper discusses how the Supreme Court has explained the doctrine of "public official" and how it has advanced this doctrine in the precedents after New York Times v.Sullivan.It also answers a significant question related with public official doctrine: can government organizations file lawsuits against the press when criticized for their official duty?更多还原