【摘要】 谷胱甘肽是由谷氨酸、半胱氨酸和甘氨酸经肽键缩合而成的三肽,在临床上主要用于治疗各类肝炎、肿瘤和白内障,同时可解除由有毒化合物和重金属离子所引起的中毒。近年来发现,谷胱甘肽还具有抑制艾滋病病毒的功效。发酵法已成为目前生产谷胱甘肽最常用的方法,但现有生产能力远不能满足市场需求。文中对发酵法生产谷胱甘肽的关键技术环节(如菌种选育、发酵工艺优化和下游分离纯化)的研究进展分别进行了阐述。更多还原

【Abstract】 The tripeptide γ-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinyl-Glycine (glutathione, hereafter referred to as GSH) is one of the major antioxidant molecules of cells and is thought to play a vital role in buffering the cell against reactive oxygen species and toxic electrophiles. GSH is widely used as medicine in the treatment of liver and ophthalmological disease. GSH may be involved in HIV expressions, and pro-GSH drugs have been proposed for anti-HIV therapy. Some cases of drug and radiation resistance in cancer therapy have been attributed to abnormally high concentration of GSH in tumor cells. Most of GSH product at the market was produced through the fermentation process of microbes. This paper briefly reviewed the development of key fermentation technologies, such as the breeding of producing strain, fermentation processes optimization, separation and purification in down-stream process. Further research should be done in the field of metabolic regulation of GSH biosynthesis pathway, integration fermentation process with separation and purification, and multilevel system biology related to fermentation process.更多还原