【摘要】 建立自然保护区是进行生物多样性保护和生态服务功能恢复的最重要措施之一,而生态补偿机制在自然保护区建设中的作用是目前需要关注的问题。笔者在大量文献调研的基础上,分析了我国生态补偿的概念发展、理论基础和国内外自然保护区生态补偿的研究与实践。结果表明:自然保护区生态补偿是通过政府主导和市场作用共同实现的;不论是在发达国家还是在发展中国家,公共支付手段都是主要的支付手段;通过生态补偿促进社区参与是实施保护区有效管理的重要途径。最后讨论了我国自然保护区生态补偿的原则、方式、标准和措施等问题,为进一步开展自然保护区生态补偿研究和建立补偿机制提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Establishment of nature reserves is one of the most important strategies for conserving biodiversity and restoring ecosystems′ services,while the mechanism of ecological compensation plays a very important role in the construction and sustainable management of nature reserves.Based on the literature available,development of the concepts and theories of ecological compensation are summarized,and researches and practices in this aspect both at home and abroad are analyzed.Results show that the government and the market are the two leading factors in implementing ecological compensation of nature reserves,and common payment is a major means regardless countries both developed and developing,and community participation promoted through ecological compensation is an effective approach to nature reserve management.Issues,such as principles,approaches,standards and measures,in the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism in China are also discussed.更多还原