【摘要】 利用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)、离子色谱(IC)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法研究了马兰煤矿酸性矿井水及其沉淀物的化学成分和物相组成,并通过吸附解吸实验和PHREEQC水化学模拟计算研究了典型酸性矿井水样品中Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cu,As,Cr,V,Ba等有害元素的迁移特性.研究表明:①煤矿酸性矿井水中SO42-,Fe,Mn,Al,Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,Ni,Co,Cu等离子含量较高,对环境存在潜在危害;②酸性矿井水中有害元素的迁移主要受pH,Fe-A l-Mn含量和水体颗粒物矿物组成的控制;③Fe,Al和Mn的含量随pH上升而迅速下降,并控制着Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,N i,Co,Cu等潜在有害微量离子的迁移行为;④各离子随pH上升被去除的先后顺序为:Th>Fe>Pb>Cr>Al>Cu>Be>U>Zn>As>Cd>Mn>Co>Ni>Ba;⑤酸性矿井水中V不能够随pH的升高而去除,反而会有更多的V溶解在水中.更多还原

【Abstract】 The hydrochemistry and mineralogy of acid coal mine drainage and its precipitate from Malan mine,were investigated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),ion chromatography(IC),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and hydrogeochemistry software PHREEQCI.The migration characteristics of hazardous elements such as Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cu,As,Cr,V and Ba in acid coal mine drainage were studied by adsorption and desorption experiments.The preliminary results are as follows: ① The concentrations of SO24,Fe,Mn,Al,Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,Ni,Co and Cu are higher in acid mine drainage of Malan mine,which are potential hazardous to environment.② The migration of hazardous elements are mainly controlled by pH,contents of Fe-Al-Mn,and minerals compositions of particles in water.③ The concentrations of Fe,Al and Mn in acid coal mine drainage decrease rapidly with the increase in pH,and control the migration of Pb,Th,U,Be,Zn,Ni,Co and Cu.④ The sequence of removal of these elements with the increase in pH are as follows: Th>Fe>Pb>Cr>Al>Cu>Be>U>Zn>As>Cd>Mn>Co>Ni>Ba.⑤ However,V in acid coal mine drainage can not be removed with the increase in pH,on the contrary,the contents of V increase with the increase in pH.更多还原