【摘要】 2002年卢拉当政后,继续奉行卡多佐执政时期确立的宏观经济政策和稳健的财政政策,强化财政纪律,实施浮动汇率制和通货膨胀目标制,主张利率政策应该“去政治化”,价格稳定应该在制度上得到保障,中央银行应该拥有相应的独立性。此外,他还力图加快财政改革的步伐。但在各个利益集团把持的国会中,卢拉政府的上述主张并没有获得支持。因此,卢拉当政时期巴西的财政管理体制与卡多佐当政时期相比没有发生重大的变化。卢拉在其第二任总统就职演说中表示,今后4年政府的工作重点之一是在财政和货币政策领域加快改革。但这一目标能否实现尚不得而知。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since President Lula came to power in 2002,the Brazilian government has continued to pursue the macroeconomic and fiscal policies designed by the Cardoso administration.It strengthens fiscal discipline,maintains a floating exchange rate and inflation targeting.It also claims that the interest rate should be de-politicalized,price stability be protected by institutionalization,and central bank independence be guaranteed.The Lula administration tries to speed up fiscal reform,but has come up with strong resistance in the congress representing different interest groups.It seems that,as President Lula said in his inauguration address of his second term,the challenge ahead for the current administration of Brazil is how to deepen reforms in the fiscal areas.更多还原