【摘要】 GIS技术为农业气候区划的进一步深入提供了有效的技术方法。在专业地理信息系统软件ArcGIS系统支持下,根据宁夏枸杞产量与气象条件的关系,分析得出:枸杞全生育期最优≥10℃积温为3 450℃.天;≥10℃积温在3 200℃~3 700℃.天范围内,枸杞一般能获得正常产量,热量不是枸杞限制因子;≥10℃积温在3 200℃.天以下时,热量不足引起枸杞减产。枸杞全生育期最适日照时数为1 640h;在1 500h~1 800h内,日照不是限制枸杞产量的因素,低于1 500h时,全生育期日数短,积温少,枸杞减产;高于1 800h时,产量也会有所下降。在此基础上确定了宁夏枸杞产量的气候区划指标,进行了区划指标的小网格点推算。并采用GIS技术对宁夏进行了枸杞产量的气候区划,划分出适宜、次适宜和不适宜种植区。提出:在适宜区有灌溉条件的地方,扩大枸杞种植面积;在次适宜区可适当种植枸杞,以优化农业产业结构,但不可盲目扩大种植面积;在光热条件较差,产量低而不稳,很难形成经济效益的不适宜区不宜种植枸杞。为趋利避害合理发展枸杞生产,进一步科学地优化农业产业结构,合理布局枸杞种植提供了参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 GIS provides an effective method to agricultural climate mapping.Supported by ArcGIS,the study was conducted according to the yield of Chinese wolfberry and meteorological conditions,the results has shown that: the favorite ≥10℃ accumulated temperature during growing period is(3 450)℃·d,and the normal yield can be reached with the accumulated temperature within(3 200)℃～3 700℃·d,and the quantity of heat is not the confining factor;if the accumulated temperature is below 3 200℃·d,the yield will be reduced because of lack of heat.The best sunlight-hour is(1 640)h,the sunlight is not the limiting factor when it is between(1 500)h～(1 800)h,less than(1 500)h or more than(1 800)h will cause a decreasing yield.Based on these results,the indicators of climate mapping were found and that on small-scale grid were calculated.Using GIS mapping,the most favorite,sub-favorite and non-favorite zones for wolfberry growth in Ningxia was identified.The favorite zone is consist of warm-temperature contoured land zone from north Helan mountain to Yinchuan city,Yinchuan irrigated area,the east of Ningwei irrigated area,the north of Yanchi country and the west of Tongxin country. In this area,≥10℃ accumulated temperature is about(3 450)℃·d with sunlight-hour of about(1 640)h.It is reasonable to enlarge the planting area in the favorite zone with irrigation,to improve economic performance.The sub-favorite zone is consist of the south of Yanchi country,the east of Tongxin country,Haiyuan country,the north and middle part Guyuan country,partial area of Penyang country and Xiji country.In this zone,≥10℃ accumulated temperature is within(3 200)℃～(3 700)℃·d with sunlight-hour of about(1 550)h.In this zone,Chinese wolfberry can be planted properly to optimize the agriculture structure,but the planting area should not be enlarged without restrictions.The sub-favorite zone is consist of south of Guyuan country,partial area of Xiji country,Longde country and jingyuan country.In the zone with poor heat and sunlight conditions,it is not easy to get economic benefit.This study provides a scientific basis for spatial allocation of the Chinese wolfberry in Ningxia.更多还原