【摘要】 目的了解辽宁省不同人群吸烟现状,为开展控烟工作提供依据。方法按经济发展水平及类型将辽宁分为大城市、中小城市、一类农村、三类农村四层,采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取20岁及以上居民作为调查对象。按知情同意原则,采用问卷调查方法。结果共调查8119人,城市4739人,占58.4%,农村3380人,占41.6%;男性3605人,占44.4%,女性4514人,占55.6%。20岁以上人群吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率分别为30.0%,29.6%,28.7%,13.6%。男性吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率均高于女性,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。吸烟率从20岁～组逐渐上升,50岁～组以后略降。农村吸烟率高于城市,城市女性吸烟率高于农村女性,城市男性吸烟率低于农村男性,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同文化程度、职业、经济收入的人群吸烟率比较,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在吸烟者中,开始吸烟年龄(中位数)男性为20.0岁,女性为27.0岁,男性早于女性。吸烟量(中位数)男性为17支/d,女性为10支/d,男性高于女性;城市人群为14支/d,农村人群为17支/d,农村高于城市。吸过滤嘴香烟者最多,占74.6%。女性吸过滤嘴香烟者(69.7%)低于男性(75.2%),吸无过滤嘴香烟、手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者均高于男性。农村人群吸无过滤嘴香烟、过滤嘴香烟者低于城市,吸手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者高于城市。城市人群复吸率高于农村,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(χ2=21.86,P<0.01);男性复吸率低于女性,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(χ2=11.53,P<0.01)。结论应加强对目标人群和青少年关于吸烟有害的宣传教育,使人们认识到吸烟的危害,以及戒烟对健康的重要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To know smoking prevalence of different subpopulation in Liaoning province and develop effective tobacco control policies.Methods The sample was obtained through multi-stage randomized cluster sampling,and the data was collected by face-to-face interview and dealt with a descriptive analysis.Results Total 8 119 people aged 20 and over were investigated(3 605 were male and 4 514 female),of 4 739 were from rural and 3 380 from country.The general active smoking rate was 30.0%,the rate of males(59.9%) was higher than that of females(6.0%)(P<0.05),and the rural rate(31.5%) was higher than city’s(28.8%)(P<0.05).The current active smoking rate,regular active smoking rate,heavy active smoking rate was 29.6%,28.7% and 13.6%,respectively,and these rates were higher in males than those in females(P<0.01);Average starting age of active smoking was 20.0 years old(median);Current quit smoking rate and relapse rate was 1.0% and 6.1%,respectively.Conclusion The active smoking population was still a huge.The rate of males was higher than that of females and rural higher than city.A series of control measures to quit smoking should be taken.更多还原