【摘要】 目的建立单纯疱疹病毒1型(herpes simplex virus type1,HSV-1)感染造成的面神经麻痹动物模型,研究HSV-1与面神经麻痹之间的关系。方法Balb/c小鼠66只,切断双侧面神经耳后支,右侧神经断端接种HSV-1,左侧接种胎牛血清作为对照。观察小鼠全身情况、双侧面肌运动的对称性;颞骨连续切片HE染色;颞外段面神经锇酸染色;双侧面神经、脑干、三叉神经节、脊髓行PCR检测HSV-1DNA片断。结果28只小鼠(42.42%)于接种后2~5d发生右侧面神经麻痹,病程持续3~6d后恢复。38只未发生面神经麻痹。与对侧比较,颞骨连续切片显示面神经麻痹鼠右侧神经肿胀、神经周围间隙变小、炎细胞浸润,面神经横截面积/面神经管横截面积的比值明显变大;颞外段面神经出现神经髓鞘变薄、脱失。面神经麻痹鼠和无面神经麻痹鼠的部分神经组织中检测到HSVDNA。结论在面神经耳后支断端接种HSV-1可以引起小鼠暂时性面神经麻痹,可能是由于病毒逆行转运引起面神经炎,进而神经肿胀受压发生面神经麻痹。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the role of herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) in facial paralysis by developing an experimental animal model of viral facial paralysis. Methods Both sides of posterior auricular branch of facial nerve were anatomize and incised in 66 mice. The HSV-1 was inoculated into right ear branch and fetal bovine serum was inoculated into left ear branch as control. The symmetry of mouse face was observed and scored. The temporal bones were serially sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The extratemporal facial nerves were stained with osmium tetroxide. HSV-1 DNA in bilateral facial nerve, brain stem, trigeminal ganglion and spinal cord was detected by the polymerase chain reaction. Results Twenty-eight(42.42%) mice developed right facial paralysis between 2 and 5 days after inoculation. Continuing 3-6 days, the facial paralysis recovered spontaneously. Thirty-eight mice had no signs of facial paralysis. Compared with the left, nerve swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration were manifested in right temporal facial nerve of paralyzed mice. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the facial nerve to the facial canal (FN/FC) was significantly higher than that on the control side (P<0.01). Demyelinated nerve fibers were seen in the right extratemporal facial nerve. Not only in paralyzed mice, but also in non-paralyzed mice, HSV DNA was detected in some nerve tissues. Conclusions Inoculating HSV-1 into posterior auricular branch of facial nerve can produce an acute and transient facial paralysis in mice. The possible pathophysiologic mechanism of the facial paralysis is viral invasion and transportation from distal branch to main trunk. Then the viral facial neuritis causes facial paralysis.更多还原