【摘要】 煤岩动力灾害的实质是能量积聚与耗散的自组织临界过程,当煤岩体中所积聚的弹性能达到其极限冲击能时,就会发生冲击矿压.实验室研究发现,弹脆性煤体是能量积聚与耗散的主体,顶板关键层(坚硬厚层砂岩顶板)的运移则会导致能量积聚与耗散,加速失去动态平衡.以煤岩冲击倾向性与顶板强度及厚度的关系为基础,依据能量积聚与耗散理论,提出了煤岩动力灾害的强度弱化机理,即通过钻孔卸压与深孔卸压爆破来弱化煤岩体的强度,降低煤岩体的聚能能力,释放煤岩体中所积聚的大量弹性能,使得煤岩体中所积聚的弹性能达不到最小冲击能,同时利用电磁辐射监测仪来检验煤岩体强度弱化治理的效果,以达到消除或降低冲击危险的目的.通过在三河尖煤矿9202高冲击危险工作面的生产实践,充分证明了这种技术的有效性.更多还原

【Abstract】 The essential of coal and rock dynamic catastrophe is the self-organizing critical process of energy accumulation and dissipation.If the elastic energy accumulatedin coal and rock mass reaches the critical burst energy,rock burst will happen.According to experimental researches,elastic and brittle coal mass is the main-body of energy accumulation and dissipation,the movement of key roof stratum(the hard thick sandstoneroof) can cause accumulation and dissipation of energy tolose dynamic equilibrium with high speed.Based on the positive relation between bursting liability of combined samples and strengthand thickness of itsroof,from the viewpoints of the theory of the energy accumulation and dissipation,thispaper puts forward the strength weakening mechanismof coaland rock dynamic catastrophe.This method means that the strength of coal and rock mass can beweakenedthrough unload with borehole and deep hole relieving shot,so that theability of energy accumulation can be reduced and a large amount of elasticenergy accumulatedin coal and rock mass can bereleased.By means of this method the elastic energy accumulated in coal and rock mass would not exceed the minimum energy induced rock burst,at the same time,checking out the defensive effect of intensity weakening with electromagnetic radiation,so that the aim of eliminating or reducing the danger of rock burst can be reached.The validity of this method is fully proved by the production practice of 9202 high danger work face in Sanhejian coal mine.更多还原