【摘要】 目的:通过建立压力负荷型和容量负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型,比较各种评价大鼠心脏结构和功能的方法。方法:采用腹主动脉-下腔静脉造瘘法和主动脉缩窄法分别复制容量负荷型和压力负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型,应用超声心动图、血流动力学检测、心脏称量以及组织切片等多种方法评价心脏结构和功能。结果:手术组模型心脏重量均明显大于假手术组。动静脉瘘手术组1周时左心室内径及容积均明显大于假手术组[(0·67±0·03)cmvs(0·60±0·20)cm,(0·69±0·10)mLvs(0·50±0·04)mL,P<0·01],相对室壁厚度(RWT)在手术组明显小于假手术组(0·46±0·05vs0·55±0·05,P<0·01);主动脉缩窄手术组1周时室间隔厚度及左室后壁厚度明显大于假手术组[(0·20±0·03)cmvs(0·16±0·02)cm,P<0·01;(0·20±0·03)cmvs(0·16±0·02)cm,P<0·01],RWT明显大于假手术组(0·71±0·17vs(0·56±0·12,P<0·05),+dp/dtmax明显增加(4886±1304vs3674±325,P<0·05)。2周时上述参数变化更为显著。结论:腹主动脉-下腔静脉造瘘和主动脉缩窄方法成功复制了容量负荷型和压力负荷型大鼠心脏肥大模型,通过超声心动图和血流动力学检测可较全面地评价心脏结构和功能变化,其中RWT是两种模型都敏感的指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To compare the evaluations for the structure and function of the hypertrophic hearts induced by volume overload or pressure overload in rats. METHODS: Volume overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy was established by abdominal aortacaval fistula (ACF) and pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy was developed by constriction of aorta (CA). The cardiac structure and function were analyzed by echocardiography, hemodynamic determination, heart weight measurement and histological examination. RESULTS: Heart weight of rats in all the operated groups was increased compared to the sham-operated groups. In 1-week ACF group, the internal diameter (0.67±0.03)cm vs (0.60±0.02)cm, P<0.01 and volume of left ventricle increased (0.69±0.10)mL vs (0.50±0.04)mL, P<0.01,relative wall thickness (RWT) decreased (0.46±0.05 vs 0.55±0.05, P<0.01), compared with the sham-operated group. In 1-week CA group, interventricular septal thickness (0.20±0.03)cm vs (0.16±0.02)cm, P<0.05, left ventricular posterior wall thickness (0.20±0.03)cm vs (0.16±0.02)cm, P<0.01, RWT (0.71±0.17 vs 0.56±0.12, P<0.05) and +dp/dt_ max ( 4 886 ± 1 304 vs 3 674 ±325, P<0.05) were all increased compared with the sham-operated group. In 2-week-groups, these parameters changed more significiantly. CONCLUSION: Cardiac structure and function could be evaluated by echocardiography and hemodynamic determination. RWT is a sensitive index for the cardiac hypertrophy induced by both volume overload and pressure overload.更多还原